ãëàâíàÿ ñòðàíèöà / áèáëèîòåêà / îáíîâëåíèÿ áèáëèîòåêè / îãëàâëåíèå êíèãè

Á.À. Ëèòâèíñêèé. Õðàì Îêñà â Áàêòðèè (Þæíûé Òàäæèêèñòàí). Ò. 2. Áàêòðèéñêîå âîîðóæåíèå â äðåâíåâîñòî÷íîì è ãðå÷åñêîì êîíòåêñòå. Ì.: «Âîñòî÷íàÿ ëèòåðàòóðà». 2001. Á.À. Ëèòâèíñêèé

Õðàì Îêñà â Áàêòðèè (Þæíûé Òàäæèêèñòàí).

Ò. 2. Áàêòðèéñêîå âîîðóæåíèå
â äðåâíåâîñòî÷íîì è ãðå÷åñêîì êîíòåêñòå.

// Ì.: «Âîñòî÷íàÿ ëèòåðàòóðà». 2001. 528 ñ.+ âêëåéêà.
ISBN 5-02-018194-3; ISBN 5-02-018126-9 [ñì. òàêæå Ò. 1 è Ò. 3.]

 

Ñïèñîê òàáëèö. / List of tables.

 

 èçäàíèè àíãë. ñïèñîê (ñòð. 483-491) ñëåäóåò çà ðóññêèì (ñòð. 492-500);
çäåñü ñïèñêè ñîâìåùåíû, àíãë. âûðîâíåí ïî ïðàâîìó êðàþ, ðóññêèé ïî ëåâîìó.
 ]

 

 


 

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(492/492)

 

 


^   1. Òàõòè-Ñàíãèí è äðóãèå ýëëèíèñòè÷åñêèå ïàìÿòíèêè Öåíòðàëüíîé Àçèè.


1. The site of the Takhti-Sangin and the other Hellenistic monuments of Central Asia.

 

 


^   2. Ãîðîäèùå Òàõòè-Ñàíãèí. Òîïîãðàôè÷åñêèé ïëàí.


2. The site of Takhti-Sangin. Topographical plan.

 

 


^   3. Ãîðîäèùå Òàõòè-Ñàíãèí ñ õðàìîì Îêñà. Îáùèé âèä öèòàäåëè. Ôîòî.


3. The site of Takhti-Sangin with temple of the Oxus. General view of the citadel. Photo.

 

 


^   4. Õðàì Îêñà. Ãåíåðàëüíûé ïëàí êîìïëåêñà.


4. Temple of the Oxus. General plan of the complex.

 

 


^   5. Õðàì Îêñà. Àêñîíîìåòðè÷åñêàÿ ðåêîíñòðóêöèÿ ãëàâíîãî çäàíèÿ (ïî È.Ð. Ïè÷èêÿíó).


5. Temple of the Oxus. Axonometrical reconstruction of the main building (according to I.R. Pichikyan).

 

 


^   6. Õðàì Îêñà. Ðåêîíñòðóêöèÿ âîñòî÷íîãî ôàñàäà ãëàâíîãî çäàíèÿ (ðåêîíñòðóêöèÿ È.Ð. Ïè÷èêÿíà).


6. Temple of the Oxus. Reconstruction of eastern facade of the main building (reconstruction by I.R. Pichikyan).

 

 


^   7. Õðàì Îêñà. Íàêëàäêè íà ëóê. Êîñòü (1 — 1185; 2 — 443/1; 3 — 443/2; 4-8 — 1193; 9 — 1170/2; 10 — 1172/3; 11-13 — áåç øèôðà) 1. [ñíîñêà: 1 Çäåñü è íèæå ïîñëå íàçâàíèÿ òàáëèö ñ èçîáðàæåíèÿìè ïðåäìåòîâ èç õðàìà Îêñà â ñêîáêàõ ïðèâîäÿòñÿ èõ èíâåíòàðíûå íîìåðà, ïðè÷¸ì íîìåð êîëëåêöèè (1091), â êîòîðóþ îíè âõîäÿò, äëÿ êðàòêîñòè íå óêàçûâàåòñÿ. Êîëëåêöèÿ õðàíèòñÿ â Èíñòèòóòå èñòîðèè, àðõåîëîãèè è ýòíîãðàôèè èìåíè À. Äîíèøà ÀÍ Ðåñïóáëèêè Òàäæèêèñòàí.  ñïèñêå èñïîëüçóþòñÿ ñîêðàùåíèÿ: ê. — êóðãàí; ïîì. — ïîìåùåíèå.]


7. Temple of the Oxus Coverings for a bow. Bone (1 — 1185; 2 — 443/1; 3 — 443/2; 4-8 — 1193; 9 — 1170/2; 10 — 1172/3; 11 — 13 without inv. ¹)1. [ñíîñêà: 1 Hereafter names of the tables with images of objects from Temple of the Oxus are followed by their inventorial numbers in brackets and for brevity the number of the collection (1091), the part of which they are, is not indicated. The collection is kept in the Ahmad Donish Institute of History, Archaeology and Ethnography of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan. The following abbrevations are used: k. — kurgan; inv. ¹ — inventorial ¹.]

 

 


^   8. Äðåâíåéøèå ëóêè Áëèæíåãî Âîñòîêà (1 — ëóê èç Âàäè ýëü-Ìàêêóõ, Èçðàèëü; 2 — èçîáðàæåíèå íà äîäèíàñòè÷åñêîé «Îõîòíè÷üåé ïàëåòêå», Åãèïåò; 3 — îõîòíèê ñ ðåôëåêñèðóþùèì ëóêîì, èçîáðàæåíèå íà ñîñóäå õàëàôñêîé êóëüòóðû, Ìåñîïîòàìèÿ).


8. The most ancient bows of Near East (1 — bow from Wadi el-Makkuh, Israel; 2 — image on predynastic “Hunting palette” Egypt; 3 — hunter with reflexing bow — an image on a vessel of the Halaf culture. Mesopotamia).

 

 


^   9. Èçîáðàæåíèÿ äðåâíåâîñòî÷íûõ ëóêîâ Ìåñîïîòàìèè (1-4, 8-15, 30-40, 42, 44), Ýëàìà (5-7, 41, 43, 45-47), Ñèðèè-Ïàëåñòèíû è Êèïðà (16-21, 25-29, 64, 80), Ìàëîé Àçèè (22-24), Èðàíà (48-68), Êàâêàçà (70-79, 81), Ñåâåðíîãî Ïðè÷åðíîìîðüÿ (82), Àðàâèè (83) (ïî Ì.Â. Ãîðåëèêó) 1 — äåòàëü èçîáðàæåíèÿ íà ïå÷àòè, Óðóê (Âàðêà), íà÷àëà III òûñ. äî í.ý.; 2 — òî æå, Óð, âðåìÿ òî æå; 3 — äåòàëü èçîáðàæåíèÿ íà «Ñòåëå îõîòû», Óðóê (Âàðêà), 1-ÿ ïîëîâèíà III òûñ. äî í.ý..; 4 — äåòàëü ãðàâèðîâàííîãî íà êîñòè èçîáðàæåíèÿ, Ìàðè, ñåðåäèíà III òûñ. äî í.ý.; 5-7 — äåòàëè èçîáðàæåíèé íà ïå÷àòÿõ èç Ñóç, 1-ÿ ïîëîâèíà III òûñ. äî í.ý.; 8 — òî æå, ýïîõà Ñàðãîíèäîâ, XXIII-XXII ââ. äî í.ý.; 9 — ëóê, äåòàëü èçîáðàæåíèÿ íà «Ñòåëå ïîõîäà íà ëóëóáååâ», XIII â. äî í.ý.; 10 — äåòàëü èçîáðàæåíèÿ íà ñòåëå Ðèìóøà, Òåëëî, âðåìÿ òî æå; 11 — öàðü ëóëóáååâ Àíóáàíèíè, äåòàëü ñêàëüíîãî ðåëüåôà, XXIII â. äî í.ý.; 12 — öàðü Ëàøèðïèðèíè, òî æå, III òûñ. äî í.ý.; 13 — áîã-âîèí, èçîáðàæåíèå íà ãëèíÿíîé ïëàêåòêå, Õàôàäæå, II òûñ. äî í.ý.; 14 — èçîáðàæåíèå íà ïå÷àòè, Íóçè, XVI-XIV ââ. äî í.ý.; 15 — âàâèëîíñêèé öàðü Ìàðäóê-íàäèí-àõõå, äåòàëü èçîáðàæåíèÿ íà ñòåëå, Ñèïïàð, XI â. äî í.ý.; 16 — àçèàò, äåòàëü ñòåíîïèñè, Áåíè-Õàñàí, XII äèíàñòèÿ, XX-XIX ââ. äî í.ý.; 17 — ñèðèéñêèé äàííèê, òî æå, ãðîáíèöà Ðåõìèðà, Ôèâû, XV â. äî í.ý.; 18 — òÿæåëîâîîðóæåííûé ñèðèéñêèé âîèí, äåòàëü èçîáðàæåíèÿ íà êîæàíîé òèñíåíîé îáèâêå êóçîâà êîëåñíèöû Òóòìåñà IV, êîíåö XV â. äî í.ý.; 19 — ëóê ñèðèéöà, äåòàëü ðîñïèñè øêàòóëêè èç ãðîáíèöû Òóòàíõàìîíà, XIV â. äî í.ý.; 20 — äåòàëü èçîáðàæåíèÿ íà êîñòÿíîé ïëàñòèíå, Ðàñ-Øàìðà, XIV â. äî í.ý.; 21 — äåòàëü èçîáðàæåíèÿ íà çîëîòîì áëþäå, Óãàðèò, ñåðåäèíà XIV â. äî í.ý.; 22 — õåòòñêèé ðåëüåô íà îðòîñòàòå ãîðîäñêîé ñòåíû, Àëàäæà-Õþþê, XV-XIII ââ. äî í.ý.; 23 — õåòòñêèé ðåëüåô, Êàðàáåë, XIII-XII ââ. äî í.ý.; 24 — èçîáðàæåíèå íà õåòòñêîé ïå÷àòè, ñåðåäèíà II òûñ. äî í.ý.; 25 — èçîáðàæåíèå íà îðòîñòàòå, Òåëëü-Õàëàô, íà÷àëà I òûñ. äî í.ý.;

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^   26 — òî æå, Çèíäæèðëè, VIII â. äî í.ý.; 27 — òî æå, Êàðõåìèø, âðåìÿ òî æå; 28 — äåòàëü èçîáðàæåíèÿ íà ñåðåáðÿíîì êèïðî-ôèíèêèéñêîì áëþäå, Êèïð, VIII-VII ââ. äî í.ý.; 29 — èçîáðàæåíèå íà êåðàìè÷åñêîé âàçå, Êèïð, 700-600 ãã. äî í.ý.; 30-32 — òÿæåëîâîîðóæåííûå è ëåãêèå ëó÷íèêè âîéñêà Ñàðãîíà II, Àññèðèÿ, äåòàëè ðåëüåôîâ äâîðöà â Õîðñàáàäå; 33, 34, 38 — ëóêè è êîííûé ëó÷íèê, äåòàëè ðåëüåôîâ äâîðöà Àøøóð-Íàöèð-àïàëà II â Íèìðóäå, Àññèðèÿ; 35 — äåòàëü ñòåíîïèñè äâîðöà àññèðèéñêîãî íàìåñòíèêà, Òåëëü-Áàðñèï, VIII â. äî í.ý.; 36, 37 — èóäåéñêèé è àññèðèéñêèé ëó÷íèêè âîéñêà öàðÿ Ñåííàõåðèáà (ñîáûòèÿ îê. 704-703 ãã. äî í.ý.), ðåëüåô äâîðöà â Íèíåâèè; 39-40 — äåòàëü ðåëüåôà äâîðöà Àøøóðáàíàïàëà, òàì æå; 41 — ìåäü, Ñóçû, VII-VI ââ. äî í.ý. (÷àñòè÷íàÿ ðåêîíñòðóêöèÿ); 42 — íàäåâàíèå òåòèâû íà àññèðèéñêèé ëóê, äåòàëü ðåëüåôà äâîðöà Àøøóðáàíàïàëà â Íèíåâèè; 43 — ýëàìñêèé ëóê, äåòàëü ðåëüåôà, îòòóäà æå; 44 — ëóê öàðÿ Íàðàìñèíà, XXIII â. äî í.ý., ñêàëüíûé ðåëüåô â Äàðáàíä-å Ãàâð; 45 — ëóê — äàíü ñóçèàíöåâ, äåòàëü ðåëüåôà àïàäàíû, Ïåðñåïîëü, 1-ÿ ÷åòâåðòü V â. äî í.ý.; 46, 47 — ðîñïèñü íà êåðàìèêå, Ñóçû, êîíåö IV òûñ. äî í.ý.; 48 — äåòàëü èçîáðàæåíèÿ íà áðîíçîâîé ïëàñòèíêå, Ëóðèñòàí, Õ-VIII ââ. äî í.ý.; 49 — êîëåñíè÷íûé ëó÷íèê, äåòàëü áðîíçîâîãî ïñàëèÿ, îòòóäà æå, íà÷àëà I òûñ. äî í.ý.; 50 — èçîáðàæåíèå íà áðîíçîâîì òîïîðå, îòòóäà æå, X-VIII ââ. äî í.ý.; 51 — äåòàëü èçîáðàæåíèÿ íà ñåðåáðÿíîé ïëàñòèíå, îòòóäà æå, VIII-VII ââ. äî í.ý.; 52 — äåòàëü èçîáðàæåíèÿ íà êàìåííîé ïëàêåòêå, îòòóäà æå, âðåìÿ òî æå; 53 — èçîáðàæåíèå íà ñåðåáðÿíîé ÷àøå, Àìëàø, Çàïàäíûé Èðàí, X-VIII ââ. äî í.ý.; 54 — èçîáðàæåíèå íà çîëîòîé ÷àøå, Õàñàíëó, Çàïàäíûé Èðàí, âðåìÿ òî æå; 55 — ñóçèàíñêèé âîèí, èçðàçöîâûé ðåëüåô äâîðöà àõåìåíèäñêèõ öàðåé, Ñóçû, VI-V ââ. äî í.ý.; 56 — ëóê öàðÿ Äàðèÿ, äåòàëü èçîáðàæåíèÿ íà Áåõèñòóíñêîé ñêàëå (521-518 ãã. äî í.ý.); 57 — èçîáðàæåíèå íà çîëîòîé ìîíåòå (äàðèêå, 335-330 ãã. äî í.ý.) Äàðèÿ III (?); 58 — èçîáðàæåíèå íà ñåðåáðÿíîé ìîíåòå ñàòðàïà Òèññàôåðíà, îê. 400 ã. äî í.ý.; 59-60 — èçîáðàæåíèå íà àõåìåíèäñêèõ ïå÷àòÿõ, VI-IV ââ. äî í.ý.; 61-62 — äåòàëü ðåëüåôà íà ñêàëüíîé ãðîáíèöå, Êûçêàïàí, Ñóðäàø, Çàïàäíûé Èðàí, V-IV ââ. äî í.ý.; 63 — ïåðñèäñêèé âîèí, èçîáðàæåíèå íà àõåìåíèäñêîé ïå÷àòè, Èðàí, VI-IV ââ. äî í.ý.; 64 — êîëåñíè÷íûé òÿæåëîâîîðóæ¸ííûé ëó÷íèê, äåòàëü èçîáðàæåíèÿ íà ôèíèêèéñêîé êîñòÿíîé øêàòóëêå, Ýíêîìè, Êèïð, VII â. äî í.ý.; 70 — èçîáðàæåíèå íà ïå÷àòè, Òàéøåáàèíè (Êàðìèð Áëóð), Óðàðòó, VII-VI ââ. äî í.ý.; 71 — èçîáðàæåíèå íà áðîíçîâîì ïîÿñå, Óðàðòó, VIII â. äî í.ý., Ìþíõåí, Äîíàòîðèé Ãîñóäàðñòâåííîãî ñîáðàíèÿ; 72, 73 — òî æå, Ñàíàèí, Àðìåíèÿ, VIII — 1-ÿ ïîë. VII â. äî í.ý.; 74, 75 — òî æå, ïîãðåáåíèÿ 86 è 74, Òëèéñêèé ìîãèëüíèê, Þæíàÿ Îñåòèÿ, âðåìÿ òî æå; 76 — èçîáðàæåíèå íà ñîñóäå, Êåäàáåê, Àçåðáàéäæàí, âðåìÿ òî æå; 77-79 — ïåòðîãëèôû, Äàãåñòàí, III-II òûñ. äî í.ý.; 80 — ðîã ëóêà, áðîíçà, Ìåäèíåò àë-Áàéäà, Ñèðèÿ, X-VIII ââ. äî í.ý.; 81 — èçîáðàæåíèå íà áðîíçîâîì ïîÿñå, ïîãðåáåíèå 5, ìîãèëüíèê Ìàðàë-Äåðåñè, Âîñòî÷íàÿ Ãðóçèÿ, VIII-VII ââ. äî í.ý.; 82 — èçîáðàæåíèå íà êàìåííîé ñòåëå, ñ. Êåðíîñîâêà, Êðûì, 1-ÿ ÷åòâåðòü II òûñ. äî í.ý.; 83 — ëóê àðàáà-áåäóèíà, ðåëüåô äâîðöà Àøøóðáàíàïàëà â Íèíåâèè, 3-ÿ ÷åòâåðòü VII â. äî í.ý.


9. Images of the most ancient bows Mesopotamia (1-4, 8-15, 30-40, 42, 44); Elam (5-7, 41, 43, 45-47); Syria-Palestine and Cyprus (16-21, 25-29, 64, 80), Asia Minor (22-24), Iran (48-68), Caucasus (70-79, 81), Northern periphery of Black Sea (82), Arabia (83) (according to M.V. Gorelik) 1 — detail of an image on a seal Uruk (Warka), early III millennium B.C.; 2 — the same, Ur, the same date; 3 — detail of an image on “Hunting stele”, Uruk (Warka), I half of III millennium B.C.; 4 — detail of an image incised on a bone, Mari, mid-3rd millennium B.C.; 5-7 — details of images on seals from Susa, I half of III millennium B.C.; 8 — the same, the epoch of Sargonids, XXIII-XXII B.C.; 9 — detail of an image on “Stele of campaign against the Lullubi” XXIII B.C.; 10 — detail of an image on stele of Rimush, Tello, the same date; 11 — Anubanini — king of the Lullubi, detail of rock-relief, XXIII B.C.; 12 — king Lashirpirini, the same, III millennium B.C.; 13 — god-warrior, image on clay plaquette, Khafaje, 3rd millennium B.C.; 14 — image on a seal, Nuzi, XVI-XIV B.C.; 15 — Babylonian king Marduk-nadin-ahhe, detail of an image on a stele, Sippar, XI B.C.; 16 — Asian, detail of wall-painting, Beni-Hasan XII dynasty, XX-XIX B.C.; 17 — Syrian tributary, the same, tomb of Rehmir, Thebes, XV B.C.; 18 — heavy-armed Syrian warrior, detail of an image on stamped leather upholstery of a chariot of Thutmose IV, late XV B.C.; 19 — Syrian bow, detail of painting on a casket from tomb of Tutankhamun, XIV B.C.; 20 — detail of an image of bone plate, Ras-Shamra, XIV B.C.; 21 — detail of an image on a gold dish, Ugarit, mid. XIV B.C.; 22 — Hittite relief on orthostat of city wall, Alaca Hüyük, XV-XIII B.C.; 23 — Hittite relief, Karabel, XIII-XII B.C.; 24 — image on a Hittite seal mid — II millennium B.C.; 25 — image on orthostat, Tell-Halaf, early I millennium B.C.; 26 — the same, Zincirli, VIII B.C.; 27 — the same, Carchemish, the same date; 28 —

(492/493)

detail of an image on a silver Cypriot-Phoenician dish, Cyprus, VIII-VII B.C.; 29 — an image on a ceramic vase, Cyprus, 700-600 B.C.; 30-32 — heavy-armed troops and light-armed bowmen of Sargon II, Assyria, details of palace reliefs, Khorsabad; 33, 34, 38 — bows and a mounted bowman, details of palace reliefs of Assurnasirpal II, Nimrud, Assyria; 35 — detail of wall painting at the palace of Assyrian vicegerent, Tell Borsippa, VIII B.C.; 36, 37 — Judean and Assyrian bowmen of the army of king Sennaherib (events about 704-703 B.C.), palace relief in Nineveh; 40 — detail of a palace relief of Ashurbanipal, in the same place; 41 — copper, Susa, VII-VI B.C. (partial reconstruction); 42 — stringing an Assyrian bow, detail of a palace relief of Ashurbanipal in Nineveh; 43 — Elamite bow, detail of a relief, from the same place; 44 — a bow of Naram-Sin, XXIII B.C.; rock-relief in Darband Gavr; 45 — bow — the Susans’ tribute, detail of a relief of apadana, Persopolis, 1st quarter of V B.C.; 46, 47 — painting on ceramics, Susa, late IV millennium B.C.; 48 — detail of an image on a bronze plate, Luristan, X-VIII B.C.; 49 — bowman on a chariot, detail of a bronze cheek-piece, from the same place, early I millennium B.C.; 50 — image on a bronze axe, from the same place, VIII-VII B.C.; 51 — detail of an image on a silver plate from the same place, the same date; 52 — detail of an image on a stone plaquette, from the same place, the same date; 53 — image on a silver bowl, Amlash, Western Iran, X-VIII B.C.; 54 — image on a gold bowl, Hasanlu, Western Iran, the same date; 55 — Susian warrior, tile relief of palace of the Achaemenid kings, Susa, VI-V B.C.; 56 — bow of king Darius I, detail of an image on the Behistun rock (521-518 B.C.); 57 — image on a gold coin (Daric, 335-330 B.C.) of Darius III (?); 58 — image on a silver coin of satrap Tissaphernes, about 400 B.C.; 59-60 — images on Achaemenid seals, VI-IV B.C., 61-62 — detail of a relief on a rock tomb, Kyzkapan, Western Iran, V-IV B.C.; 63 — Persian warrior, image on Achaemenid seal, Iran, VI-IV B.C.; 64 — heavy-armed bowman on a chariot, detail of an image on a Phoenician bone casket, Encomi, Cyprus, VII B.C.; 70 — image on a seal of Teishebaini (Karmir-Blur); Urartu, VII-VI B.C.; 71 — image on a bronze belt, Urartu VIII B.C., München, Donatorium of the State Assembly; 72-73 — the same, Sanain, Armenia, VIII — 1st half VII B.C.; 74-75 — the same, burial 86 and 74, graveyard Tli, South Ossetia, the same date, 76 — image on a vessel — Kedabek, Azerbaidjan, the same date; 77-79 — petroglyphs, Dagestan III-II millennium B.C.; 80 — horn of a bow, bronze, Medinet al-Baida, Syria, X-VIII B.C.; 81 — image on a bronze, belt, burial 5, graveyard Maral-Deresi, Eastern Georgia, VIII-VII B.C.; 82 — image on a stone stele, village of Kernosovka, Crimea, 1st quarter of II millennium B.C.; 83 — bow of an Arab Bedouin, palace relief of Ashurbanipal in Nineveh, 3rd quarter of VII B.C.

 

 


^   10. Ëóêè è äðóãîå âîîðóæåíèå àññèðèéñêèõ âîèíîâ (ïî Ò.À. Ìàäëóì) (1 — ðåëüåô íåèçâåñòíîãî ïðîèñõîæäåíèÿ, âðåìÿ Òèãëàò-Ïèëåñåðà III; 2, 6 — ðåëüåôû âðåìåíè Òèãëàò-Ïèëåñåðà III, Íèìðóä; 3 — ðåëüåô èç Õîðñàáàäà; 4, 10-11 — ðåëüåôû, Õîðñàáàä; 5 — ðåëüåô âðåìåíè Àøøóðáàíàïàëà, Êóþíäæèê; 7-8 — ðåëüåôû âðåìåíè Àøøóð-Íàöèð-àïàëà II, Íèìðóä; 9 — ðåëüåô âðåìåíè Ñåííàõåðèáà, Êóþíäæèê).


10. Bows and other armament of Assyrian warriors (according to T.A. Madhlum) 1 — relief of unknown origin, time of Tiglath-pileser III; 2, 6 — relief of the time of Tiglath-pileser III, Nimrud; 3 — relief, Khorsabad; 4, 10-11 — reliefs, Khorsabad; 5 — relief of Ashurbanipal’s time, 7-8 — reliefs of the time Assurnasirpal II, Nimrud; 9 — relief of the time of Sennaherib, Kuyunjik).

 

 


^   11. Ëóêè è äðóãîå âîîðóæåíèå àõåìåíèäñêèõ âîèíîâ (ïî Ñ. Áèòòíåðó).


11. Bows and other armament of Achaemenid warriors (according to S. Bittner).

 

 


^   12. Õðàì Îêñà. Ïëàñòèíû ñî ñöåíîé îõîòû. Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü.


12. Temple of the Oxus. Plates with hunting scenes. Ivory.

 

 


^   13. Õðàì Îêñà. Áàêòðèéñêèé ëó÷íèê. Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü.


13. Temple of the Oxus. Bactrian bowman. Ivory.

 

 


^   14. Ëóêè è äðóãèå ÷àñòè ñîãäèéñêîãî âîîðóæåíèÿ. Îðëàòñêèé ìîãèëüíèê. Êîñòü.


14. Bows and other elements of Sogdian armament. Orlat graveyard. Bone.

 

 


^   15. Èçîáðàæåíèÿ ëóêîâ â æèâîïèñè, ñêóëüïòóðå, òîðåâòèêå è íà ìîíåòàõ (1-7 — Èíäèÿ; 8-9 — Èðàí, Êûçêàïàí; 10 — Èðàí, Òàêè-Áóñòàí; 11 — óìáîí èç Àìóäàðüèíñêîãî êëàäà; 12-13 — ìîíåòû Õóâèøêè; 14-19 — ñðåäíåàçèàòñêàÿ è èðàíñêàÿ

(484/485)

^   òîðåâòèêà III-VII ââ.; 20 — Ñðåäíÿÿ Àçèÿ, Êàðàêóäæóð (êîñòü); 21-22 — õàíüñêàÿ êåðàìèêà; 23-26 — Àôãàíèñòàí, áåãðàìñêàÿ êîñòü; 27 — ïåíäæèêåíòñêàÿ æèâîïèñü; 28-29 — æèâîïèñü Âàðàõøè; 30-34 — æèâîïèñü Âîñòî÷íîãî Òóðêåñòàíà; 35-74 — ïàðôÿíñêèå ìîíåòû).


15. Images of bows in painting, sculpture, toreutics and on coins (1-7 — India; 8-9 — Iran, Kyzkapan; 10 — Iran, Taqi-Bustan, 11 — umbo from Treasure of the Oxus; 12-13 — coins of Huvishka; 14-19 — Central Asian and Iranian toreutics III-VII A.D.; 20 — Central Asia, Karakudzhur (bone); 21-22 — Han’s ceramics; 23-26 — Afghanistan, Begram, ivory bone; 27 — Pandjikent, painting, 28-29 — painting of Varakhsha; 30-34 — painting from Eastern Turkestan; 35-74 — Parthian coins).

 

 


^   16. Ñëîæíîñîñòàâíûå ëóêè, èõ èçãîòîâëåíèå è êîíñòðóêöèÿ. À — ñõåìà äåéñòâèÿ ðàçíûõ òèïîâ ëóêà ïî Ô. Áðàóíó (1 — «àññèðèéñêèé»; 2 — «ñêèôñêèé»; 3 — ëóê èç Èðçè; 4 — «êóøàíî-ñàñàíèäñêèé»; 5 — ïîçäíåñðåäíåâåêîâûé òóðêåñòàíñêèé). Á — ïðîöåññ èçãîòîâëåíèÿ è ñõåìà äåéñòâèÿ ïîçäíåñðåäíåâåêîâîãî òóðåöêîãî ëóêà ïî È. Õàéíó (1 — ñáîðêà ëóêà; 2-4 — ïðîöåññ ñòÿãèâàíèÿ äëÿ ïðèäàíèÿ óïðóãîñòè; 5 — ñõåìà ñòðåëüáû). Â — ëóê èç Èðçè (ïî Ô. Áðàóíó). Ã — ëóê èç Êàðàáóëàêà (ïî Þ.Ë. Áàðóçäèíó).


16. Composite bows, their manufacture and construction.

(493/494)

A — scheme of action of various types of bows according to F. Brown (1 — Assyrian; 2 — Scythian; 3 — bow from Vrzi; 4 — “Kushano-Sasanian”; 5 — late medieval Turkestanian). Á — Process of manufacture and scheme of action of late medieval Turkish bow according to J. Hein (1 — assembling a bow; 2-4 — process of tightening up in order to give elasticity; scheme of shooting). Â — bow from Vrzi (according to F. Brown). Ã — bow from Karabulak.

 

 


^   17. Ìàòåìàòè÷åñêèå ìîäåëè ðàáîòû ëóêà (1 — ìîäåëü Ê. Õèêìàíà; 2 — ìîäåëü Á. Êîîé è Ê. Áåðãìàíà; 3 — ñõåìà äåôîðìàöèè íåðåôëåêñèðóþùåãî ñåãìåíòíîãî ëóêà; 4 — ñõåìà äåôîðìàöèè íåðåôëåêñèðóþùåãî «óãëîâàòîãî ëóêà»; 5-6 — ñõåìû äåôîðìàöèè ðàçíûõ âèäîâ ñðåäíåâåêîâûõ âîñòî÷íûõ ðåôëåêñèðóþùèõ ëóêîâ).


17. Mathematical patterns of performance of a bow (1 — K. Hikman’s pattern; 2 — pattern of B. Kooy and K. Bergman; 3 — scheme of deformation of a non-reflexing segmented bow; 4 — scheme of deformation of a non-reflexing “angular bow”; 5-6 — schemes of deformation of various kinds of medieval oriental reflexing bows).

 

 


^   18. Íàêîíå÷íèêè ñòðåë. Áðîíçà. Õðàì Îêñà (1 — áåç øèôðà/3; 2 — 287; 3 — áåç øèôðà/5; 4 — 127; 5 — 130; 6 — 172; 7 — 173; 8 — 213; 9 — 247; 10 — 1230/2; 11 — 4213; 12 — 4247/2; 13 — 4286/1; 14 — 4301; 15 — 5063; 16 — 286; 17 — 4302; 18 — 235; 19 — áåç øèôðà/2; 20 — 129; 21 — 174; 22 — 224; 23 — 262; 24 — 1230/6; 25 — 1230/7; 26 — 3242; 27 — 4259; 28 — 5061; 29 — 175; 30 — 4224; 31 — 4247/5; 32 — 4411/2; 33 — áåç øèôðà/1).


18. Arrow-heads. Bronze. Temple of the Oxus (1 — without inv. ¹/3; 2 — 287, 3 — with out inv. ¹/5; 4 — 127; 5 — 130; 6 — 172; 7 — 173; 8 — 213; 9 — 247; 10 — 1230/2; 11 — 4213; 12 — 4247/2; 13 — 4286/1; 14 — 4301; 15 — 5063; 16 — 286; 17 — 4302; 18 — 235; 19 — without inv. ¹/2; 20 — 129; 21 — 174; 22 — 224; 23 — 262; 24 — 1230/6; 25 — 1230/7; 26 — 3242; 27 — 4259; 28 — 5061; 29 — 175; 30 — 4224; 31 — 4247/5; 32 — 4411/2, 33 — without inv. ¹/1).

 

 


^   19. Íàêîíå÷íèêè ñòðåë èç Þæíîé Áàêòðèè. Áðîíçà (ïî Â.Í. ßãîäèíó) (1-2, 21, 66-67 — Êóòëóã-òåïå; 3-4, 7-8, 10-12, 14-20, 22, 23-25, 27-29, 31, 33-36, 39-40, 43, 46, 49-51, 54, 56-58, 62-63, 65, 68 — Äèëüáåðäæèí; 5, 47-48, 52-53 — Àé-Õàíóì; 6, 30, 42, 44, 60, 64 — Äæèãà-òåïå; 9 — Äàøëû-14; 13 — Øàõðè-Áàíó; 22, 55 — Íàèá-4; 26, 32, 41 — Åìøè-òåïå; 37-38, 45, 61 — Àëòûí-10).


19. Arrow-heads from Southern Bactria. Bronze (according to V.M. Yagodin) (1-2, 21, 67-68 — Kutlug-tepe, 3-4, 7-8, 10-12, 14-20, 22, 24-26, 28-30, 32, 34-37, 40-41, 44, 47, 50-52, 55, 57-59, 63-64, 66, 69 — Dil’berjin; 5, 48-49, 53-54 — Ai-Khanum; 6, 31, 43, 45, 65 — Dzhiga-tepe; 9 — Dashly-14; 13 — Shahri-Banu; 23, 56 — Naib-4; 27, 33, 42 — Emshi-tepe; 38-39, 46, 62 — Altyn-10).

 

 


^   20. Íàêîíå÷íèêè ñòðåë èç ñàêñêèõ êóðãàíîâ Ïàìèðà. Áðîíçà (1-12 — Ïàìèðñêàÿ I, ê. 10, ïî À.Í. Áåðíøòàìó, áåç ìàñøòàáà; 13-19 — Àéäûíêóëü I, ê. 4; 20-21 — Øàéìàê, ê. 1; 22 — Àíäåìèí I, ê. 3; 23-24 — Àíäåìèí I, ê. 1; 25 — Ìîæóòàø II, ê. 5).


20. Arrow-heads from Saka kurgans from Pamir. Bronze (1-12 — graveyard Pamirskayal, k. 10, according to A.N. Bernshtam, out of scale; 13-19 — graveyard Aidynky II, k. 4; 20-21 — graveyard Shaimak, k. 1; 22 — graveyard Andemin I, k. 3; 23-24 — graveyard Andemin I, k. 1; 25 — graveyard Mozhutash II, k. 5.

 

 


^   21-25. Íàêîíå÷íèêè ñòðåë èç õðàìà Îêñà. Æåëåçî (18 — ôîðìà æàëåö è ñõåìà îáìåðîâ íàêîíå÷íèêà; 19-22 — ôîðìû íàêîíå÷íèêîâ, ðàñøèôðîâêà â êëàññèôèêàöèîííîé òàáë. II.)


21-25. Arrow-heads from the Temple of the Oxus. Iron. (Pl. 21: 1a-11á — form of barbs; 12a — scheme of measurement of an arrow-head; 22-25 — forms of arrow-heads, for explanation, see the classificatory table II).

 

 


^   26. Íàêîíå÷íèêè ñòðåë èç ñàêñêèõ ìîãèëüíèêîâ. Ïàìèð. Æåëåçî (1-4 — ìîãèëüíèê Àëè÷óð II, ê. 3; 5-13 — ìîãèëüíèê Øàéìàê, ê. 2; 14 — ðåêîíñòðóêöèÿ êðåïëåíèÿ ê äðåâêó íàêîíå÷íèêà èç ìîãèëüíèêà Øàéìàê).


26. Arrow-heads from Saka graveyards. Pamir. Iron (1-4 — graveyard Alichyr II, k. 3; 5-13 — graveyard Shaimak, k. 2; 14 — reconstruction of the fastening of the arrow heads to shaft, graveyard Shaimak).

 

 


^   27. Íàêîíå÷íèêè ñòðåë èç Þæíîé Áàêòðèè. Æåëåçî (1-7 — Àé-Õàíóì, ïî Ô. Ãðåíå; 8-24 — õðàì Äèîñêóðîâ, ïî È.Ò. Êðóãëèêîâîé).


27. Arrow-heads from South Bactria. Iron (1-7 — Ai-Khanum, according to F. Grenet; 8-24 — the Temple of Dioscuri — according to I.T. Kruglikova).

 

 


^   28. Íàêîíå÷íèê ñòðåë èç ðàçíûõ ñðåäíåàçèàòñêèõ ìîãèëüíèêîâ. Æåëåçî (1 — Êàëàíòàðõîíèíñêèé ìîãèëüíèê, ê. 11; 2-3 — Âîðóõñêèé ìîãèëüíèê, ê. 17; 4-5 — Êàëàíòàðõîíèíñêèé ìîãèëüíèê, ê. 15; 6 — ìîãèëüíèê ×îðêó II, ê. 19; 7-8 — Êàðàìàçàðñàéñêèé ìîãèëüíèê, ê. 74; 9 — Áîäîìàêñêèé ìîãèëüíèê, ê. 9; 10 — Äàõîíà-×îð÷àíàêñàéñêèé ìîãèëüíèê, ê. 6; 11 — Êàðàìàçàðñàéñêèé ìîãèëüíèê, ê. 24; 12 — Áîäîìàêñêèé ìîãèëüíèê, ê. 16; 13 — Áîäîìàêñêèé ìîãèëüíèê, ê. 7; 14 — Äæóíñêèé ìîãèëüíèê; 15 — Âðåâñêèé ìîãèëüíèê, ê. 4; 16-19 — Êóëïîêñàéñêèé ìîãèëüíèê, ê. 3; 20 — Ñàðûêîëñàéñêèé ìîãèëüíèê, ê. 5; 21 — Êåíêîëüñêèé ìîãèëüíèê, ê. 6; 22-25 — Êåíêîëüñêèé ìîãèëüíèê, ê. 2; 26-33 — ìîãèëüíèê Àê÷è-Êàðàñó, ê. 14, 23, 34-42 — Áàðêîðáàçñêèé ìîãèëüíèê, ê. 11; 43-46 — Áàðêîðáàçñêèé ìîãèëüíèê, ê. 19; 47 — Âðåâñêèé ìîãèëüíèê, ê. 4; 48 — Àê-Òàíãè).


28. Arrow-heads from various Central Asian graveyards. Iron (1 — graveyard Kalantarhona, k. 11; 2-3 — graveyard Vorukh, k. 17; 4-5 — graveyard Kalantarhona, k. 15; 6 — graveyard Chorku II, k. 19; 7-8 — graveyard Karamazar, k. 74; 9 — graveyard Bodomak, k. 9; 10 — graveyard Dohana Charchanak, k. 6; 11 — graveyard Karamazar, k. 24; 12 — graveyard Bodomak, k. 16; 13 — graveyard Bodomak, k. 7; 14 — graveyard Dzhun; 15, 47 — graveyard Vrevskaya, k. 4; 16-19 — graveyard Kulpaksai, k. 3; 20 — graveyard Sarykolsai, k. 5; 21 — graveyard Kenkol, k. 6; 22-25 — graveyard Kenkol, k. 2; 26-33 — graveyards Akchij-Karasu, k. 14, 23; 34-42 — graveyard Barkorbaz, k. 11; 43-46 — graveyard Barkorbas, k. 19; 48 — cave Ak-Tanga).

 

 


^   29. Íàêîíå÷íèêè ñòðåë èç ôåðãàíñêèõ ìîãèëüíèêîâ è ïîñåëåíèé. Æåëåçî (ïî Ã.À. Áðûêèíîé è Í.Ã. Ãîðáóíîâîé)

(485/486)

^   (1-6 — ìîãèëüíèê Êàéðàãà÷ (1, 2 — ãðóïïà V: 1 — ïîãðåáåíèå 16, 2 — ïîãðåáåíèå 32; 3-6 — ãðóïïà VI: 3, 4 — ïîãðåáåíèå 6; 5, 6 — ïîãðåáåíèå 5); 7, 12, 19, 20, 29 — ìîãèëüíèê Êàðàáóëàê (7 — ê. 112; 12 — ê. 104; 19 — ê. 12; 20 — ê. 15; 29 — ê. 13); 3 — ×óí-òåïå; 9, 11, 13, 32, 34 — Êóþê-òåïå (9, 11, 13 — Êóþê-òåïå I; 32, 34 — Êóþê-òåïå II); 10, 30, 31 — Õàíãèç II; 14 — Êåðêèäîí, ïîñåëåíèå 5à; 15-18, 22-24, 26-28, 33, 35-38 — Êàéðàãà÷, óñàäüáà (15 — ïîì. 5à âåðõíåé ïëîùàäêè; 16, 28, 33, 36 — ïîì. 5 âåðõíåé ïëîùàäêè; 17 — ïîì. 1 âåðõíåé ïëîùàäêè; 18 — ïîì. 12 âåðõíåé ïëîùàäêè; 22 — ïîì. 1 íèæíåé ïëîùàäêè; 23, 37 — äâîð îêîëî õàóçà; 24 — ïîì. 7; 26 — ïîì. 14 âåðõíåé ïëîùàäêè; 27 — ïîì. 15 íèæíåé ïëîùàäêè; 38 — ïîì. 5 íèæíåé ïëîùàäêè); 21 — Ìàéäà-òåïå; 25, 39 — Êîêòàø ó Âóàäèëÿ: 25 — ê. 13, 39 — ê. 25).


29. Arrow-heads from graveyards and sites of Ferghana. Iron (according to S.A. Brykina and N.S. Gorbunova)

(494/495)

(1-6 — graveyard Kairagach (1, 2 — group V: 1 — burial 16, 2 — burial 32; 3-6 — group VI: 3, 4 — burial 6; 5, 6 — burial 5); 7, 12, 19, 20, 29 — graveyard Karabulak (7 — k. 112, 12 — 104; 19 — k. 12, 20 — k. 15, 29 — k. 13); 9, 11, 13, 32, 34 — site of Kuyuktepe (9, 11, 13 — Kuyuktepe I; 32, 34 — Kuyuktepe II); 10, 30, 31 — site of Khangiz II; 14 — site of Kerkidon, site 5a; 15-18, 22-24, 26-28, 33, 35-38 — site of Kairagach, country estate (15 — premise 5a of upper ground; 16, 28, 3, 36 — premise 12 of upper ground; 17 — premise 1 of upper ground; 18 — premise 1 of upper ground; 22 — premise 1 of lower ground; 23, 37 — yard reservoir; 24 — premise 7, 26 — premise 14 of upper ground; 27 — premise 15 of lower ground; 38 — premise 5 of lower ground), 21 — Maidatepe; 25, 39 — Koktash near Vuadil: 25 — k. 13, — k. 25).

 

 


^   30. Íàêîíå÷íèêè ñòðåë èç ðàçíûõ ñðåäíåàçèàòñêèõ ìîãèëüíèêîâ è ïîñåëåíèé. Æåëåçî (1-13 — Òóëõàðñêèé ìîãèëüíèê: 1-2 — ê. 1/22; 3-7 — ê. II/32; 8 — ê. VI/4; 9 — ê. VII/3; 10 — ê. XI/1; 14-20 — ïîñåëåíèå Àê-òîáå II, ðàñêîïû 1-2; 21-29 — ïîñåëåíèå Àê-òîáå II, ïîãðåáåíèå â ïîì. 7; 30-47 — Øàóøóêóìñêèé ìîãèëüíèê).


30. Arrow-heads from various Central Asian graveyards and sites. Iron (1-13 — graveyard Tulhar: 1-2 — k. I/22; 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 — k. ii/32; 8 — k. VI/4; 9 — k. VII/3; 10 — k. II/1, 14-20 — site of Aktobe 2, excavation grounds 1-2; 21-29 — site of Aktobe 2, burial in premise 7; 30-47 — Shaushukum graveyard).

 

 


^   31. Íàêîíå÷íèêè ñòðåë ñî ñðåäíåàçèàòñêèõ ïîñåëåíèé V-VII ââ. Æåëåçî (Ïåíäæèêåíò: îáúåêò II — 24, 26, 27; îáúåêò III — 15, 21, 25; îáúåêò VI — 9, 11, 13, 16, 20, 33; îáúåêò VII — 7, 17; îáúåêò VIII — 14; îáúåêò IX — 19; îáúåêò XII — 2, 10; îáúåêò XIII — 3, 4, 8, 22; îáúåêò XIV — 23; îáúåêò XV — 1; îáúåêò VI — 18; Àäæèíà-òåïà: ïîì. 12, 17, 32; ïîì. 18 — 5, 6; ïîì. 19-28; Êçûë-òåïå — 29, 30; Àê-òåïå — 31).


31. Arrow-heads from Central Asian sites of V-VII A.D. Iron (Penjikent: object II — 24, 26, 27; object VII — 7, 17; object VIII — 14; object IX — 19; object XII — 2, 10; object XIII — 3, 4, 8, 22; object XIV — 23; object XV— 1; object VI — 18; Adjinatepa: premise 12, 17, 32; 23; premise 18 — 5, 6; premise 19-28; Kziltepe — 29, 30; Aktepe — 31).

 

 


^   32. Ñõåìà ýâîëþöèè íåêîòîðûõ òèïîâ ñðåäíåàçèàòñêèõ æåëåçíûõ íàêîíå÷íèêîâ ñòðåë.


32. Evolution scheme of certain types of Central Asian iron arrow-heads

 

 


^   33. Õðàì Îêñà. Ïåíàëû êîë÷àíà. Áðîíçà (¹289).


33. The Temple of the Oxus. Cases of gorytus. Bronze (inv. ¹289)

 

 


^   34. Õðàì Îêñà. Íàêîíå÷íèêè êîïüÿ. Îòäåë I, òèï 1. Æåëåçî (1 — 2588; 2 — 2517/2; 3 — 2066/1; 4 — 2073; 5 — 2066/2; 6 — 2047; 7 — 2150).


34. The Temple of the Oxus. Spear-heads. Section I, type 1. Iron (1 — 2588; 2 — 2517/2; 3 — 2066/1; 4 — 2073; 5 — 2066/2; 6 — 2047; 7 — 2150).

 

 


^   35. Õðàì Îêñà. Íàêîíå÷íèêè êîïüÿ. Îòäåë I, òèï 1. Æåëåçî (1 — 2580; 2 — 2582; 3 — 2598; 4 — 4253; 5 — 2505).


35. The Temple of the Oxus. Spear-heads. Section I, type 1. Iron (1 — 2580; 2 — 2582; 3 — 2598; 4 — 4253; 5 — 2505)

 

 


^   36. Õðàì Îêñà. Íàêîíå÷íèêè êîïüÿ. Îòäåë I, òèï 2. Æåëåçî (1 — 860/1; 2 — 2547; 3 — 2513; 4 — 2093/4).


36. The Temple of the Oxus. Spear-heads. Section I, type 2. Iron (1 — 860/1; 2 — 2547; 3 — 2513; 4 — 2093/4)

 

 


^   37. Õðàì Îêñà. Íàêîíå÷íèêè êîïüÿ. Îòäåë II, òèï 1. Æåëåçî (1 — 3232; 2 — 1079; 3 — 2564/2; 4 — 2985; 5 — 1076; 6 — 2009/3; 7 — 2984/1; 8-4074; 9 — 4076; 10 — 2009/1).


37. The Temple of the Oxus. Spear-heads. Section II, type 1. Iron (1 — 3232; 2 — 1079; 3 — 2564/2; 4 — 2985; 5 — 1076; 6 — 2009/3; 7 — 2984/1; 8 — 4074; 9 — 4076; 10 — 2009/1).

 

 


^   38. Õðàì Îêñà. Íàêîíå÷íèêè êîïüÿ. Îòäåë II, òèï 1. Æåëåçî (1 — 1102; 2 — 2531; 3 — 2583; 4 — 4229/1; 5 — 4134; 6 — 2983; 7 — 3211; 8-1099).


38. The Temple of the Oxus. Spear-heads. Section II, type 1. Iron (1 — 1102; 2 — 2531; 3— 2583; 4 — 4229/1; 5— 4134; 6 — 2983; 7 — 3211; 8— 1099).

 

 


^   39. Õðàì Îêñà. Íàêîíå÷íèêè êîïüÿ. Îòäåë III, òèï 1 (¹1) è òèï II (¹2-3). Æåëåçî (1 — 919; 2 — 921/2; 3 — 2504/1).


39. The Temple of the Oxus. Spear-heads. Section III, type 1 (¹1) and type II (¹2-3). Iron (1 — 919; 2 — 921/2; 3 — 2504/1).

 

 


^   40. Õðàì Îêñà. Íàêîíå÷íèêè äðîòèêà. Ãðóïïà I (¹1); ãðóïïà II, îòäåë I. Òèï 2 (¹2-7). Òèï 3 (¹8-9); ãðóïïà II, îòäåë II (¹10-11). Æåëåçî (1 — 2517/1; 2 — 3233/2; 3 — 2009/2; 4 — 2048; 5 — 4295; 6 — 4239; 7 — 2584; 8 — 2984/5; 9 — 4064; 10 — 3233/1; 11 — 3234).


40. The Temple of the Oxus. Spear-heads. Group I (¹1); group II, section I. Type 2 (¹207). Type 3 (¹8-9); group II, section II (¹10-11). Iron (1 — 2517/1; 2 — 3233/2; 3 — 2009/2; 4 — 2048; 5 — 4295; 6 — 4239; 7 — 2584; 8 — 2984/5; 9 — 4064; 10 — 3233/1, 11 — 3234).

 

 


^   41. Õðàì Îêñà. Ïîäòîêè. Îòäåë I, òèï 1-2. Æåëåçî (1 — 4234/1; 2 — 4234/2; 3 — 4234/3; 4 — 4234/4; 5 — 4066/1; 6 — 4234/5; 7 — 4234/6; 8 — 4234/7; 9 — 4234/8; 10 — 4102; 11 — 4233/5; 12 — 4233/1; 13 — 4233/2; 14-4233/3; 15 — 4233/4; 16 — 4075; 17 — 4066/2; 18 — 4392).


41. The Temple of the Oxus. Javelin-heads. Section I, type 1-2. Iron (1 — 4234/1; 2 — 4234/2; 3 — 4234/3; 4 — 4234/4; 5 — 4066/1; 6 — 4234/5; 7 — 4234/6; 8 — 4234/7; 9 — 4234/8; 10 — 4102; 11 — 4233/5; 12 — 4233/1; 13 — 4233/2; 14 — 4233/3; 15 — 4233/4; 16 — 4075; 17 — 4066/2; 18 — 4392).

 

 


^   42. Õðàì Îêñà. Æåëåçíûå ïîäòîêè. Îòäåë I, òèï 3 (¹1-4). Îòäåë II (¹7-13). Áðîíçîâûå ïîäòîêè (¹5-6) (1 — 4024; 2 — 3234/2; 3 — 4071; 4 — 4040/1; 5 — 2050; 6 — 4392; 7 — 4040/2; 8 — 4268; 9 — 4240; 10 — 4037; 11 — 4032; 12 — 2537; 13 — 4237).


42. The Temple of the Oxus. Iron javelin butts. Section I, type 3 (¹1-4). Section II (¹7- 13). Bronze javelin butts (¹5-6) (1 — 4024; 2 — 3234/2; 3 — 4071; 4 — 4040/1, 5 — 2050; 6 — 4392; 7 — 4040/2; 8 — 4268; 9 — 4240; 10 — 4037; 11 — 4032; 12 — 2537; 13 — 4237).

 

 


^   43. Àññèðèéñêèå êîïüÿ (¹1-14) è ñòðåëû (¹15-17) íà ðåëüåôàõ (ïî Ò. Ìàäëóì)

(486/487)

^   (1-3, 16-17 — Àøøóð-Íàöèð-àïàë II; 4, 7 — Òèãëàò-Ïèëåñåð III; 5-6, 8 — Ñåííàõåðèá; 9-12 — Õîðñàáàä; 13-15 — Àøøóðáàíàïàë).


43. Assyrian spears (¹1-14) and arrows (¹15-17) on the reliefs, according to T. Madhlum

(495/496)


(1-3, 16-17 — Ashurnasirapal II; 4, 7 — Tiglath-pileser III; 5-6, 8 — Sennaherib; 9-12 — Khorsabad; 13-15 — Ashurbanipal).

 

 


^   44. Ñêèôñêèå íàêîíå÷íèêè êîïüÿ è ïîäòîêè. Æåëåçî (ïî À.È. Ìåëþêîâîé). Íàêîíå÷íèêè êîïüÿ: I îòäåë, òèï 1 (¹1-2), òèï 2 (¹3-5); òèï 3 (¹6-8); II îòäåë, òèï 1 (¹13-15),òèï 2 (¹16).


44. Scythian arrow-heads and butts. Iron (according to A.I. Melyukova). Spear-heads: section I, type 1 (¹1-2); type 2 (¹3-5); type 3 (¹6-8); section II, type 1 (¹13-15), type 2 (¹16).

 

 


^   45. Õðàì Îêñà. Íîæíû àêèíàêà (èíâ. ¹1000). Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü. Ôîòî.


45. The Temple of the Oxus. Akinak’s scabbard (inv. ¹1000). Ivory. Photo.

 

 


^   46. Õðàì Îêñà. Íîæíû àêèíàêà (èíâ. ¹1000). Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü. Ëèöåâàÿ ñòîðîíà è ðàçðåçû. Ðèñóíêè.


46. The Temple of the Oxus. Akinak’a scabbard (inv. ¹1000). Ivory. Front side and sections. Drawings.

 

 


^   47. Õðàì Îêñà. Ðóêîÿòêè àêèíàêîâ. Ôîòî. Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü (1 — 1162; 2 — 1160).


47. The Temple of the Oxus. Akinak’s handles. Photo. Ivory (1 — 1162; 2 — 1160).

 

 


^   48. Õðàì Îêñà. Ðóêîÿòè àêèíàêîâ. Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü. Ðèñóíêè (1 — 1162; 2 — 1159/1; 3 — 1158/2; 4 — 1160; 5 — 1159/2; 6 — 2012).


48. The Temple of the Oxus. Akinak’a handles. Ivory. Drawings (1 — 1162; 2 — 1159/1; 3 — 1158/2; 4 — 1160; 5 — 1159/2; 6 — 2012).

 

 


^   49. Çîëîòàÿ îáêëàäêà íîæåí èç Àìóäàðüèíñêîãî êëàäà. Áðèòàíñêèé ìóçåé.


49. Gold casing of the scabbard from the Oxus Treasure. The British Museum. Photo from photo library of the British Museum.

 

 


^   50. Çîëîòàÿ ïëàñòèíà èç Àìóäàðüèíñêîãî êëàäà. Ïåðñîíàæ ñ àêèíàêîì. Áðèòàíñêèé ìóçåé.


50. Gold plate from the Oxus Treasure. Figure with akinak. The British Museum. Photo from photo library of the British Museum.

 

 


^   51. Ïàðàäíûé àêèíàê ìèäèéñêîãî òèïà. Ïåðñåïîëüñêèé ðåëüåô.


51. Ceremonial akinak of Median type. Persepolis relief.

 

 


^   52. Âîîðóæåíèå íà ïåðñåïîëüñêèõ ðåëüåôàõ (1-2 — áóòåðîëè; 3 — âîîðóæåííûå ãâàðäåéöû; 4 — àêèíàê ìèäèéñêîãî òèïà).


52. Armament on Persepolis reliefs (1-2 — chapes; 3 — armed guardsmen; 4 — akinak of Median type).

 

 


^   53. Ñîãäèåö ñ àêèíàêîì (ôîòî èç ôîòîòåêè Ãåðìàíñêîãî àðõåîëîãè÷åñêîãî èíñòèòóòà).


53. Sogdian with akinak (photo from photo library of the German Archaeological Institute).

 

 


^   54. Êèíæàëû Àõåìåíèäñêîé äåðæàâû (1-38, 47-55), Èíäèè (66), êàâêàçñêèå àêèíàêè (39-46), êèíæàëû ñèíäî-ìåîòñêîãî òèïà è èõ ïðîòîòèïû íà Êàâêàçå (56-65) ñåð. I òûñ. äî í.ý. (ïî Ì.Â. Ãîðåëèêó). Æåëåçî (1, 1à — àêèíàê öàðñêîãî îðóæåíîñöà, ðåëüåô â Ïåðñåïîëå, V â. äî í.ý.; 2 — àêèíàê, ðåëüåô äâîðöà Êñåðêñà â Ïåðñåïîëå, V â. äî í.ý.; 3 — àêèíàê çíàòíîãî ïåðñà, äåòàëü èçîáðàæåíèÿ íà ðèòîíå, Ýðåáóíè, V â. äî í.ý.; 4 — àêèíàê çíàòíîãî ïåðñà íà çîëîòîé ïëàñòèíêå èç Àìóäàðüèíñêîãî êëàäà, V â. äî í.ý.; 5 — àêèíàê çíàòíîãî ïåðñà, äåòàëü áðîíçîâîé ôèãóðêè âñàäíèêà, V â. äî í.ý.; 6, 7 — ïåðñèäñêèå àêèíàêè, Äåâå Õþþê, V â. äî í.ý.; 8 — àêèíàê èç ñîêðîâèùíèöû â Ïåðñåïîëå, V-IV ââ. äî í.ý.; 9 — êèíæàë èç Ìèíóñèíñêîé êîòëîâèíû, àõåìåíèäñêîå èçäåëèå, V â. äî í.ý.; 10 — çîëîòàÿ îáêëàäêà ðóêîÿòè ïåðñèäñêîãî àêèíàêà, V â. äî í.ý., ê. ×åðòîìëûê; 11 — çîëîòàÿ îáêëàäêà íîæåí ïåðñèäñêîãî àêèíàêà, Àìóäàðüèíñêèé êëàä, V â. äî í.ý.; 12 — äåðåâÿííàÿ ìîäåëü íîæåí àõåìåíèäñêîãî àêèíàêà, VI-IV ââ. äî í.ý.; 13 — íîæíû èðàíñêîãî (èëè áàêòðèéñêîãî?) àêèíàêà, ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü, V â. äî í.ý., õðàì Îêñà; 14-17 — êîñòÿíûå áóòåðîëè ïåðñèäñêî-ìèäèéñêèõ àêèíàêîâ; 18 — àêèíàê ïðåäñòàâèòåëÿ àõåìåíèäñêîé çíàòè, äåòàëü ðåëüåôà ãðîáíèöû Ïàéàâà, Ëèêèÿ, IV â. äî í.ý.; 19 — àêèíàê çíàòíîãî ïåðñà, äåòàëü èçîáðàæåíèÿ íà êîñòÿíîé ïëàñòèíêå, Ñóçû, V â. äî í.ý.; 20-30 — ïåðñèäñêèå è ñóçèàíñêèå êèíæàëû ïåðåäíåâîñòî÷íîãî «ðàìî÷íîãî» òèïà; 20-25 — äåòàëè èçîáðàæåíèé ïåðñèäñêèõ öàðåé è âåëüìîæ: 20 — äåòàëü ñòàòóè Äàðèÿ I èç Ñóç, åãèïåòñêàÿ ðàáîòà, êîíåö VI — íà÷. V â. äî í.ý.; 21 — ðåëüåô äâîðöà Äàðèÿ I â Ïåðñåïîëå, V â. äî í.ý.; 22-24 — ðåëüåôû äâîðöà Êñåðêñà â Ïåðñåïîëå, V â. äî í.ý.; 25 — ðåëüåô àïàäàíû â Ïåðñåïîëå, V â. äî í.ý.; 26 — ïåðñ, äåòàëü ðåëüåôà ãðîáíèöû Äàðèÿ II â Íàêøè-Ðóñòàìå, êîíåö V â. äî í.ý.; 27 — ïåðñ, ðåëüåô äâîðöà Êñåðêñà â Ïåðñåïîëå; 28 — ïåðñ, ðåëüåô ãðîáíèöû Äàðèÿ I â Íàêøè-Ðóñòàìå, V â. äî í.ý.; 29 — ýëàìèò (ñóçèàíåö), ðåëüåô ãðîáíèöû Àðòàêñåðêñà II â Íàêøè-Ðóñòàìå, IV â. äî í.ý.; 30 — ýëàìèò (ñóçèàíåö), ðåëüåô ãðîáíèöû Äàðèÿ I; 31 — ýëàìèò (ñóçèàíåö), ðåëüåô ãðîáíèöû Êñåðêñà â Íàêøè-Ðóñòàìå, V â. äî í.ý.; 32 — áðîíçîâàÿ ðóêîÿòü, ñîêðîâèùíèöà â Ïåðñåïîëå, VI-IV ââ. äî í.ý.; 33 — æåëåçíàÿ ðóêîÿòü, «óëè÷íûé ãîðèçîíò», Ïåðñåïîëü, V-IV ââ. äî í.ý.; 34 — æåëåçíàÿ ðóêîÿòü, çàë ñîâåòà â Ïåðñåïîëå, V-IV ââ. äî í.ý.; 35 — æåëåçíàÿ ðóêîÿòü, ñîêðîâèùíèöà â Ïåðñåïîëå, VI-IV ââ. äî í.ý.; 36 — æåëåçíûé êèíæàë, Áðèòàíñêèé ìóçåé, VI-IV ââ. äî í.ý.; 37 — íàêîíå÷íèê íîæåí, ðåçíàÿ êîñòü, ñîêðîâèùíèöà â Ïåðñåïîëå, V-IV ââ. äî í.ý.; 38 —

(487/488)

^   ñîêðîâèùíèöà â Ïåðñåïîëå, VI-IV ââ. äî í.ý.; 39-41 — ïîãðåáåíèÿ 49, 37, 54 Ëóãîâîãî ìîãèëüíèêà ïîçäíåêîáàíñêîé êóëüòóðû, V â. äî í.ý.; 42 — Íåñòåðîâñêèé ìîãèëüíèê ïîçäíåêîáàíñêîé êóëüòóðû, V â. äî í.ý.; 43 — ìîãèëüíèê êîëõèäñêîé êóëüòóðû íà Ñóõóìñêîé ãîðå, V-IV ââ. äî í.ý.; 44 — Ñòåïàíàêåðò, Àðìåíèÿ, IV â. äî í.ý.; 45 — Êîëõèäà, VI-IV ââ. äî í.ý.; 46 — Âàíè, Êîëõèäà, IV â. äî í.ý.; 47 — àêèíàê àðìÿíèíà, ðåëüåô ãðîáíèöû Êñåðêñà; 48 — àêèíàê êàïïàäîêèéöà, ðåëüåô îòòóäà æå; 49 — àêèíàê ïàðôÿíèíà, ðåëüåô ãðîáíèöû Àðòàêñåðêñà II; 50 — àêèíàê àðåéöà, ðåëüåô ãðîáíèöû Äàðèÿ I; 51 — àêèíàê áàêòðèéöà, ðåëüåô ãðîáíèöû Àðòàêñåðêñà II; 52 — àêèíàê ñîãäèéöà, ðåëüåô àïàäàíû â Ïåðñåïîëå; 53 — àêèíàê õîðåçìèéöà, ðåëüåô ãðîáíèöû Êñåðêñà; 54, 55 — àêèíàêè äðàíãèàíöåâ, ðåëüåô ãðîáíèöû Êñåðêñà; 56 — ñ. Ìèçðèê, Àçåðáàéäæàí, êîíåö VII-VI â. äî í.ý.; 57 — Òëèéñêèé ìîãèëüíèê, Þæíàÿ Îñåòèÿ, êîíåö VII-VI â. äî í.ý.; 58 — ìîãèëüíèê Äâàíè, Çàïàäíàÿ Ãðóçèÿ, êîíåö VII-VI â. äî í.ý.; 59 — ìîãèëüíèê Êóëàíóðõâà êîëõèäñêîé êóëüòóðû, Àáõàçèÿ, âðåìÿ òî æå; 60 — Êàððàñ, Ïÿòèãîðüå, VI â. äî í.ý.; 61, 62 — Ïÿòèãîðüå, VI-V ââ. äî í.ý.; 63 — Ïÿòèãîðñê, êàìåíîëîìíÿ ¹1, êîíåö V-IV â. äî í.ý.; 64 — Åëèçàâåòèíñêèé ìîãèëüíèê, ê. 24, 3-ÿ ÷åòâåðòü V â. äî í.ý.; 65 — Íèæíÿÿ Ýøåðà, Àáõàçèÿ, êîíåö IV-III â. äî í.ý.; 66 — æåëåçíûé êëèíîê ñ ìåäíîé ðóêîÿòüþ, Ìàõóðèõàðà, Äåêàí, VI-V ââ. äî í.ý.).


54. Daggers of the Achaemenid Empire (1-38, 47-55), India (66), Caucasian akinaks (39-46), daggers of Sindo-Meotian type and their prototypes on the Caucasus (56-65) of mid- I millennium B.C. (according to M.V. Gorelik). Iron (1, 1a — akinak of a king’s armour-bearer, relief in Persepolis, V B.C.; 2 — akinak relief of Xerxes’s palace in Persepolis, V B.C.; 3 — akinak of a Persian nobleman, detail of image on a rhyton, Erebuni, V B.C.; 4 — akinak of a Persian nobleman on a golden plate from the Oxus Treasure, V B.C.; 5 — akinak of a Persian nobleman, detail of a bronze figurine of a rider, V B.C.; 6-7 — Persian akinaks, Deve-Hüyük, V B.C.; 8 — akinak from the treasury in Persepolis, V-IV B.C.; 9 — dagger from Minusinsk hollow, Achaemenid manufacture, V B.C.; 10 — gold casing of a handle of Persian akinak, V B.C., kurgan Chertomlyk; 11 — gold casing of a scabbard of Persian akinak, the Oxus Treasure, V B.C.; 12 — wooden model of scabbard of Achaemenid akinak, VI-IV B.C.; 13 — scabbard of Iranian (or Bactrian?) akinak, ivory, V B.C., Temple of the Oxus; 14-17 — bone chapes of Persian-Median akinaks; 14 — from Egypt, last quarter of VI B.C.; 15 — from the same place, late VI — early V B.C.; 16-17 — first half of V B.C.; 18 — akinak of Achaemenid nobleman, detail of relief of Payava tomb, Lycia IV B.C.; 19 — akinak of Persian nobleman, detail on a bone plate, Susa, V B.C.; 20-30 — Persian and Susa daggers of Near Eastern “frame type” (20-25 — details of images of Persian kings and dignitaries: 20 — detail of statue of Darius I from Susa, Egyptian work, late VI — early V B.C.; 21 — relief of Darius I’s palace in Persepolis, V B.C.; 22-24 — reliefs of Xerxes I’s palace in Persepolis, V B.C.; 25 — relief of apadana in Persepolis, V B.C.; 26 — Persian, detail of relief of Darius I’s tomb in Naqshi-Rustam, late V B.C.; 27 — Persian, relief of Xerxes II’s palace in Persepolis; 28 — Persian, relief of Darius I’s tomb in Naqshi-Rustam, V B.C.; 29 — Elamite (Susa?), relief of Artaxerxes II’s tomb in Naqshi-Rustam, IV B.C.; 30 — Elamite (Susa), relief of Darius I’s tomb; 31 — Elamite (Susa), relief of Xerxes’s tomb in Naqshi-Rustam, V B.C.; 32 — bronze handle, treasury in Persepolis, VI-IV B.C.; 33 — iron handle, “street horizon”, Persepolis, V-IV B.C.; 34 — iron handle, Council hall in Persepolis, V-IV B.C.; 35 — iron handle. Treasury. Persepolis, VI-IV B.C.; 36 — iron dagger, the British Museum, VI-IV B.C.; 37 — scabbard’s terminal, carved bone. Treasury. Persepolis, V-IV B.C.; 38 — Treasury. Persepolis, VI-

(496/497)

IV B.C.; 39-41 — graves 49, 37, 54 of graveyard Lugovoe. The late Koban culture, V B.C.; 42 — graveyard Nesterovskiy of the late Koban culture, V B.C.; 43 — graveyard of the Colchis culture at the Sukhumskaya mountain, V-IV B.C.; 44 — Stepanakert, Armenia, IV B.C.; 45 — Colchis, VI-IV B.C.; 46 — Vani, Colchis, IV B.C.; 47 — akinak of an Armenian, relief of Xerxes tomb; 48 — akinak of a Cappodocian, relief from the same place; 49 — akinak of a Parthian, relief of Artaxerxes II’s tomb; 50 — akinak of an Arean, relief of Darius I tomb; 51 — akinak of a Bactrian, relief of Artaxerxes II; 52 — akinak of a Sogdian, relief of apadana in Persepolis; 53 — akinak of a Chorasmian, relief of Xerxes tomb; 54, 55 — akinaks of Drangians, relief of Xerxes tomb; 56 — village of Mizrik, Azerbaidjan, late VII-VI B.C; 57 — Tli graveyard, South Ossetia, late VII-VI B.C.; 58 — graveyard Dvani, Western Georgia, late VII-VI B.C.; 59 — graveyard Kulanhurva, Colchis culture, Abkhazia, the same date; 60 — Karras, Pyatigorje, VI B.C.; 61, 62 — Pyatigorje, VI-V B.C.; 63 — Pyatigorsk, quarry ¹1, late V-IV B.C.; 64 — graveyard Elizavetino, kurgan 24, V B.C.; 65 — Lower Eshera, Abkhazia, late IV-III B.C.; 66 — iron blade with copper handle, Mahurihara, Deccan, VI-V B.C.).

 

 


^   55. Àññèðèéñêèå êèíæàëû íà ðåëüåôàõ (ïî Ò. Ìàäëóì) (1-2, 14 — Àøøóð-Íàöèð-àïàë II; 3-5,12-13 — Õîðñàáàä; 6, 9-11 — Ñåííàõåðèá; 7-8 — Àøøóðáàíàïàë).


55. Assyrian daggers on reliefs (according to T. Madhlum (1-2, 14 — Ashurnasirpal II, 3-5, 12-13 — Khopsabad; 6, 9-11 — Sennaherib; 7-8 — Ashurbanipal).

 

 


^   56. Õðàì Îêñà. Ðóêîÿòü êèíæàëà èëè ìå÷à (èíâ. ¹1144). Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü.


56. The Temple of the Oxus. Handle of dagger or sword (inv. ¹1144). Ivory.

 

 


^   57. Õðàì Îêñà. Áðîíçîâûå ìå÷è è ðóêîÿòè èç ñëîíîâîé êîñòè (1 — 3237; 2-3 — ìå÷è èç Ãðåöèè (ïî G. Daux); 4 — 1144; 5 — 1161).


57. The Temple of the Oxus. Bronze swords and handles. Ivory (1 — 3237; 2 — Sword from Greece (according to G. Daux); 3 — 1144; 4 — 1161).

 

 


^   58. Õðàì Îêñà. Êèíæàëû. Æåëåçî (Îòäåë I, òèï 1 — ¹1-3; òèï 2 — ¹4-5; òèï 3 — ¹6-7) (1 — 1089/1; 2 — 2566; 3 — 1210/2110; 4 — 4158; 5 — 1094; 6 — 2057/1; 7 — 2058).


58. The Temple of the Oxus. Daggers. Iron (Section I, type 1 — ¹1-3; type 2 — ¹4-5, type 3 — ¹6-7) (1 — 1089/1; 2 — 2566; 3 — 1210/2110; 4 — 4158; 5 — 1094; 6 — 2057/1; 7 — 2058).

 

 


^   59. Õðàì Îêñà. Êèíæàëû. Æåëåçî (Îòäåë I, òèï 4 — ¹1-2; ôðàãìåíòû êëèíêîâ — ¹3-7; îòäåë II, òèï 1 — ¹8-9; òèï 2 — ¹10) (1 — 2087; 2 — áåç øèôðà 2; 3 — 246; 4 — 1105; 5 — 2086; 6 — 2084; 7 — 2085/1; 8 — 1096/1; 9 — 4217; 10 — 922).


59. The Temple of the Oxus. Daggers. Iron (Section I, type 4 — ¹1-2, fragments of blades — ¹3-7; section II, type 1 — ¹8-9; type 2 — ¹10) (1 — 2087; 2 — without inv. ¹/2; 3 — 246; 4 — 1105; 5 — 2086; 6 — 2084; 7 — 2085/1; 8 — 1096/1; 9 — 4217; 10 — 922).

 

 


^   60. Ìå÷è è êèíæàëû ïðîõîðîâñêîé êóëüòóðû (ïî Ì.Ã. Ìîøêîâîé). Æåëåçî.


60. Swords and daggers of Prokhorovo culture (according to M.G. Moshkova). Iron.

 

 


^   61. Ìå÷è è êèíæàëû èç Òóëõàðñêîãî ìîãèëüíèêà (ïî À.Ì. Ìàíäåëüøòàìó). Æåëåçî (1 — ê. II/11; 2 — ê. II/32; 3 — ê. I/12; 4 — ê. II/2; 5 — ê. IV/4; 6 — ê. I/8; 7 — ê. I/9; 8 — ê. I/18; 9 — ê. I/32; 10 — ê. XI/9; 11 — ê. XVI/17; 12 — ê. I/21; 13 — ê. VII/14).


61. Swords and daggers from graveyard Tulhar (according to A.M. Mandelshtam). Iron (1 — k. 11/11; 2 — k. 11/33; 3 — k. 1/12; 4 — k.II/2; 5 — k. IV/4; 6 — k. 1/8; 7 — k. 1/9; 8 — k. 1/18; 9 — k. 1/32; 10 — k. XI/9; 11 — k. XVI/17; 12 — k. 1/21; 13 — k. VII/14).

 

 


^   62. Õðàì Îêñà. Ðóêîÿòü ìàõàéðû â âèäå ãðèôîíà. Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü. Ôîòî è ðàçðåçû (èíâ. ¹2093).


62. The Temple of the Oxus. Handle of makhaira in the shape of griffin. Ivory. Photo and sections (inv. ¹2093).

 

 


^   63. Õðàì Îêñà. Óñòüå íîæåí ìàõàéðû. Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü. Ôîòî (èíâ. ¹1153).


63. The Temple of the Oxus. Mouth of makhaira’s scabbard. Ivory. Photo (inv. ¹1153).

 

 


^   64. Õðàì Îêñà. Óñòüÿ íîæåí ìàõàéðû ââåðõó è â ñåðåäèíå è êñèôîñà (âíèçó). Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü. Ôîòî (ââåðõó — 1138; ïîñðåäèíå — 4339; âíèçó — 4053).


64. The Temple of the Oxus. Mouths of makhairas (above and in the middle) and xiphos (below) scabbards Ivory. Photo (above — 1138; in the middle — 4339; below — 4053).

 

 


^   65. Õðàì Îêñà. Óñòüÿ íîæåí ìàõàéðû. Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü. Ôîòî (ââåðõó — 4085; ïîñðåäèíå — 1146; âíèçó — 1148).


65. The Temple of the Oxus. Mouths of makhaira’s scabbard. Ivory. Photo (above — 4085; in the middle — 1146; below — 1148).

 

 


^   66. Õðàì Îêñà. Óñòüÿ íîæåí ìàõàéð. Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü. Ðèñóíêè (1 — 4192; 2 — 4200/1; 3— 4123; 4 — 4252; 5 — 4339; 6 — 4493).


66. The Temple of the Oxus. Mouths of makhaira’s scabbard. Ivory. Drawings (1 — 4192; 2 — 4200/1; 3 — 4123; 4 — 4252; 5 — 4339; 6 — 4493).

 

 


^   67. Õðàì Îêñà. Óñòüÿ íîæåí ìàõàéð. Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü. Ðèñóíêè (1 — áåç øèôðà; 2 — 1148; 3 — 1138; 4— 1139/1141; 5 — 1146; 6— 1153; 7— 1149).


67. The Temple of the Oxus. Mouths of makhaira’s scabbard. Ivory. Drawings (1 — without inv. ¹; 2 — 1148; 3 — 1138; 4 — 1139/1141; 5 — 1146; 6 — 1153; 7 — 1149).

 

 


^   68. Õðàì Îêñà. Óñòüÿ íîæåí ìàõàéð. Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü. Ðèñóíêè (1 — 1160/2; 2 — 4026/2; 3 — 3238; 4 — 4048/2; 5 — 4049; 6 — 4085).


68. The Temple of the Oxus. Mouths of makhaira’s scabbard. Ivory. Drawings (1 — 1160/2; 2 — 4026/2; 3 — 3238; 4 — 4048/2; 5 — 4049; 6 — 4085).

 

 


^   69. Õðàì Îêñà. Óñòüÿ íîæåí ìàõàéð. Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü. Ðèñóíêè (1 — 4019; 2 — 4041; 3 — 4045; 4 — 4086/1; 5 — 4048/1; 6 — 4087/1; 7 — 4088).

(488/489)


69. The Temple of the Oxus. Mouths of makhaira’s scabbard. Ivory. Drawings (1 — 4019; 2 — 4041; 3 — 4045; 4 — 4086/1; 5 — 4048/1; 6 — 4087/1; 7 — 4088).

 

 


^   70. Õðàì Îêñà. Óñòüÿ íîæåí ìàõàéð. Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü. Ðèñóíêè (1 — 4371; 2 — 4415; 3 — 6047; 4 — 4441).


70. The Temple of the Oxus. Mouths of makhaira’s scabbard. Ivory. Drawings (1 — 4371; 2 — 4415; 3 — 6047; 4 — 4441).

(497/498)

 

 


^   71. Õðàì Îêñà. Ãîðåëüåôíîå èçîáðàæåíèå áþñòà Àëåêñàíäðà Ìàêåäîíñêîãî íà óñòüå íîæåí ìàõàéðû. Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü. Ôîòî (èíâ. ¹1134).


71. The Temple of the Oxus. Image of Alexander the Great’s bust on the mouth of makhaira scabbard. High relief. Ivory. Photo (inv. ¹1134).

 

 


^   71à. Õðàì Îêñà. Êîë÷àí è íîæíû àêèíàêîâ. Êîæà. Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü. Áðîíçà. Æåëåçî (1 — áåç øèôðà, áàøíÿ ¹1; 2 — 751; 3 — 4485 (?); 4 — 5018; 5 — 5015; 6 — 752; 7 — 1171/1).


71a. The Temple of the Oxus. Quiver and daggers’ scabbard. Ivory. Bronze. Iron (1 — without inv. ¹, tower ¹1; 2 — 751; 3 — 4485; 4 — 5018; 5 — 5015; 6 — 752; 7 — 1171/1).

 

 


^   72. Õðàì Îêñà. Ëèöåâûå ñòåíêè ïåíàëîâ ïàðàäíûõ íîæåí ìàõàéð. Ðèñóíêè (1 — 1170/1; 2 — 1166/1).


72. The Temple of the Oxus. Facial walls of cases of ceremonial scabbards of makhairas. Drawings (1 — 1170/1; 2 — 1166/1).

 

 


^   73. Õðàì Îêñà. Ðóêîÿòü êñèôîñà ñ èçîáðàæåíèåì Ãåðàêëà è Àõåëîÿ. Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü. Ôîòî (èíâ. ¹1124).


73. The Temple of the Oxus. Xyphos’s handle with image of Heracles and Achelous. Ivory. Photo (inv. ¹1124).

 

 


^   74. Õðàì Îêñà. Ðóêîÿòü êñèôîñà ñ èçîáðàæåíèåì Ãåðàêëà è Àõåëîÿ. Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü. Ðèñóíîê (èíâ. ¹1124).


74. The Temple of the Oxus. Xyphos’s handle with image of Heracles and Achelous. Ivory. Figure (inv. ¹1124).

 

 


^   75. Õðàì Îêñà. Óñòüå íîæåí êñèôîñà. Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü. Ôîòî (èíâ. ¹1142).


75. The Temple of the Oxus. Mouth of xyphos’s scabbards. Ivory. Photo (inv. ¹1142).

 

 


^   76. Õðàì Îêñà. Óñòüÿ íîæåí êñèôîñà. Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü. Ôîòî (ââåðõó — ¹1140; ïîñðåäèíå — ¹1145/2; âíèçó — ¹1143).


76. The Temple of the Oxus. Mouth of xyphos’s scabbards. Ivory. Photo (above — ¹1140; in the middle — ¹1145/2; below — ¹1143).

 

 


^   77. Õðàì Îêñà. Óñòüÿ íîæåí êñèôîñîâ. Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü. Ðèñóíêè (1 — 755; 2 — 488; 3 — 1142; 4 — 1145/2; 5 — 1143; 6 — 1140; 7 — 4087/2; 8 — 4026/1; 9 — 4053).


77. The Temple of the Oxus. Mouth of Xyphos’s scabbards. Ivory. Drawings (1 — 755; 2 — 488; 3 — 1142; 4 — 1145/2; 5 — 1143; 6 — 1140; 7 — 4087/2; 8 — 4026/1; 9 — 4053).

 

 


^   78. Õðàì Îêñà. Áóòåðîëè. Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü. Ðèñóíêè (1 — 1156; 2 — 2605/1; 3 — 4030/1; 4 — 4030/2; 5 — 4047; 6 — 4386; 7 — 4328; 8 — 4486; 9 — 5004; 10 — 5005; 11 — 5024).


78. The Temple of the Oxus. Chapes. Ivory. Figures. Drawings (1 — 1156; 2 — 2605/1; 3 — 4030/1; 4 — 4030/2; 5 — 4047; 6 — 4386; 7 — 4328; 8 — 4486; 9 — 5004; 10 — 5005; 11 — 5024).

 

 


^   79. Õðàì Îêñà. Áóòåðîëè. Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü. Ðèñóíêè (1 — 448; 2 — 1157; 3 — 1154; 4 — 1155/2; 5 — 895; 6 — 1158/1; 7 — 606; 8 — 4487/1; 9 — 2604; 10 — 4342; 11 — 4343; 12 — 5021).


79. The Temple of the Oxus. Chapes. Ivory. Drawings (1 — 448; 2 — 1157; 3 — 1154; 4 — 1155/2; 5 — 895; 6 — 1158/1; 7 — 606; 8 — 4487/1; 9 — 2604; 10 — 4342; 11 — 4343; 12 — 5021).

 

 


^   80. Õðàì Îêñà. Áóòåðîëü ñ èçîáðàæåíèåì èõòèîêåíòàâðåññû. Ñëîíîâàÿ êîñòü (¹1155/2).


80. The Temple of the Oxus. Chape with image of ichthyocentauress. Ivory. Photo (inv. ¹1155/2).

 

 


^   81. Ãðå÷åñêèå ìàõàéðû è èõ èçîáðàæåíèÿ â âàçîïèñè.


81. Greek makhairas and their images in vase-painting.

 

 


^   82. Ìàõàéðû, êñèôîñ è äðóãîå âîîðóæåíèå â ñòåíîïèñè ãðîáíèöû Ëèñîíà è Êàëëèêëà (Ëåâêàäèÿ). Ðóáåæ III-II ââ. äî í.ý.


82. Makhairas, xyphos and other armament of the wall-painting of tomb of Lison and Calliclus (Leucadia, Macedonia). Border-line of III-II B.C.

 

 


^   83. Ñàêñêèå áîåâûå òîïîðû èç âîñòî÷íîïàìèðñêèõ ìîãèëüíèêîâ. Æåëåçî (1 — ßøèëüêóëü II, ê. 1; 2 — Àíäåìèí I, ê. 1; 3, 8 — Òåãåðìàíñó I, ê. 31; 4 — Òåãåðìàíñó II, ê. 11; 5 — Àëè÷óð II, ê. 1; 6 — Èñòûê, ê. 1; 7 — Æàðòû-Ãóìáåç I, ê. 1).


83. Saka battle axes from graveyards of East Pamir. Iron (1 — graveyard Yashilkul’ II, k. 1; 2 — graveyard Andemin I, k. 1; 3, 8 — graveyard Tegermansu I, k. 31; 4 — graveyard Tegermansu II, k. 11; 5 — graveyard Alichur II, k. 1; 6 — graveyard Istyk, k. 1; 7 — graveyard Zharty-Gumbez I, k. 1).

 

 


^   84. Õðàì Îêñà. Ïëàñòèíû íàáîðíîãî äîñïåõà. Òèï 1. Æåëåçî (1 — 4180/1; 2 — 4470; 3 — 4180/2; 4 — 4387/2; 5 — 4329/4; 6 — 5010/1; 7 — 1116/5; 8 — 4176).


84. The Temple of the Oxus. Plates of scale armour. Type 1. Iron (1 — 4180/1; 2 — 4470; 3 — 4180/2; 4 — 4387/2; 5 — 4329/4; 6 — 5010/1; 7 — 1116/5; 8 — 4176).

 

 


^   85. Õðàì Îêñà. Ïëàñòèíû íàáîðíîãî äîñïåõà. Òèï 2. Æåëåçî (1 — 464; 2 — 468; 3 — 1116/1; 4 — 469; 5— 1116/9; 6 — 4133/3).


85. The Temple of the Oxus. Plates of scale armour. Type 2. Iron (1 — 464; 2 — 468; 3 — 1116/1; 4 — 469; 5 — 1116/9; 6 — 4133/3).

 

 


^   86. Õðàì Îêñà. Ïëàñòèíû íàáîðíîãî äîñïåõà. Òèï 3 (¹1-2), òèï 6 (¹3-4). Æåëåçî (1 — 1205/1; 2 — 4131/1; 3 — 1205/2; 4 — 4387/1).


86. The Temple of the Oxus. Plates of scale armour. Type 3. (¹1-2), type 6 (¹3-4). Iron (1 — 1205/1; 2 — 4131; 3 — 1205/2; 4 — 4387/7).

 

 


^   87. Õðàì Îêñà. Ïëàñòèíû íàáîðíîãî äîñïåõà. Òèï 4. Æåëåçî (1 — 465; 2 — 1116/4; 3 — 460; 4 — 4133/1).


87. The Temple of the Oxus. Plates of scale armour. Type 4. Iron (1 — 465; 2 — 1116/4; 3 — 460; 4 — 4133/1).

 

 


^   88. Õðàì Îêñà. Ïëàñòèíû íàáîðíîãî äîñïåõà. Òèï 5. Æåëåçî (1 — 251; 2 — 473/1; 3 — 1205/4; 4 — 1116/10; 5 — 1205/3; 6 — 1116/8; 7 — 1116/6; 8 — 1116/7; 9 — 6044; 10 — 6042; 11 — 1116/3; 12 — 266; 13 — 4479; 14 — 4469).


88. The Temple of the Oxus. Plates of scale armour. Type 5. Iron (1 — 251; 2 — 473/1; 3 — 1205/4; 4 — 1116/10; 5 — 1205/3; 6 — 1116/8; 7 — 1116/6; 8 — 1116/7; 9 — 6044; 10 — 6042; 11 — 1116/3; 12 — 266; 13 — 4479; 14 — 4469).

 

 


^   89. Õðàì Îêñà. ×àñòü íàáîðíîãî äîñïåõà. Ôîòî è ðèñóíîê (èíâ. ¹5082).


89. The Temple of the Oxus. Part of scale armour (inv. ¹5082). Photo and drawing.

 

 


^   90. Äðåâíåéøèå áðîíçîâûå ïëàñòèíû èç Ñðåäèçåìíîìîðüÿ è Ïåðåäíåãî Âîñòîêà (1-15 — ïî Â. Êàðàãåîðãèñó — Â.Ì. Ìàññîíó; 16 — àëüòåðíàòèâíûå ìåòîäû ñîåäèíåíèÿ ïëàñòèí Íóçè — ïî Ò. Êåíäàëëó)

(489/490)

^   (1 — Ýíêåëè; 2 — Ìèêåíû; 3 — Íóçè; 4 — Òåëëü àëü-Ôàõàð; 5 — Ðàñ-Øàìð; 6 — Àëàëàõ; 7 — Õàìà; 8 — Áîãàçê¸é; 9 — Òðîÿ; 10 — Ìåãèääî; 11 — Áåò Øàí; 12 — Áåò Ïåëåò; 13 — Ëàõèø; 14 — Äåéð 'Àëëà; 15-16 — Íóçè).


90. The most ancient bronze plates from Mediterranean area and Near East (1-15 — according to V. Karageorghis — E. Masson; 16 — alternative methods of joining of plates Nuzi — according to T. Kendall)

(498/499)

(1 — Enkeli; 2 — Mycenae; 3 — Nuzi; 4 — Tell al-Fahar; 5 — Ras-Shamra; 6 — Alalah; 7 —Hama; 8 —Boğazköy; 9 — Troy; 10 — Megiddo; 11 — Bet-Shan; 12 — Bet-Pilet; 13 — Lachish; 14 — Deir ‘Alla; 15-16 — Nuzi).

 

 


^   91. Äðåâíåéøèå ïðèìåðû íàáîðíîãî äîñïåõà (1 — êîëåñíè÷èé âðåìåí Òóòìåñà IV (ïî É. ßäèíó); 2 — íàáîðíûé äîñïåõ âðåìåíè Øóøåíêà (ïî É. ßäèíó); 3 — íàáîðíûé äîñïåõ è ïëàñòèíû (à — Íîð-Áàÿçèò; á, ã — Êàðìèð Áëóð; â — Ìåçàìîð, ïî Ñ. Åñàÿíó); 4 — íàáîðíûé äîñïåõ íà íàñòåííîé ðîñïèñè âðåìåíè Àìåíõîòåïà II; 5 — ïëàñòèíû áðîíçîâîãî äîñïåõà èç Ìåòðîïîëèòåí-ìóçåÿ).


91. The most ancient examples of scale armour (1 — charioteer of the times of Thutmose IV (according to J. Yadin); 2 — scale armour of the time of Shoshenq (according to J. Yadin); 3 — scale armour and plates (a — Nor-Bayazit; á, ã — Karmir-Blur; â — Mezamor — according to S. Yesayan); 4 — scale armour on the wall-painting of Amenhotep I’s time; 5 — plates of bronze armour from the Metropolitan Museum of art).

 

 


^   92. Êîíñòðóêöèÿ íàáîðíîãî äîñïåõà èç Êàìèä ýë-Ëîç (ðåêîíñòðóêöèÿ Â. Âåíòöêå).


92. Construction of a scale armour from Kamil al-Loz (reconstruction by W. Ventzke).

 

 


^   93. ×àñòè àññèðèéñêîãî íàáîðíîãî äîñïåõà èç Íèìðóäà (ïî Ä. Ñòðîíàõó).


93. The parts of Assyrian scale armour from Nimrud (according to D. Stronach).

 

 


^   94. Àññèðèéñêèé è àõåìåíèäñêèé íàáîðíûé äîñïåõ (1 — ïëàñòèíû äîñïåõà è ñèñòåìà èõ ñîåäèíåíèÿ. Æåëåçî. Èäàëèîí (ïî Ý. Ãéåðñòàäó è äð.); 2 — ïëàñòèíû è ÷àñòü äîñïåõà èç Ìåìôèñà. Æåëåçî è áðîíçà (ïî Ô. Ïåòðè); 3 — ïëàñòèíû è ÷àñòü äîñïåõà èç ôîðòà Øàëìàíåñåðà III (à, â — áðîíçà, á — æåëåçî); 4 — ïëàñòèíû è ÷àñòü äîñïåõà. Æåëåçî. Ãîðäèîí (ïî Ä.À. Ìàêêåëëýíó).


94. Assyrian and Achaemenid composite armour (1 — plates of armour and system of their joining. Iron. Idalion (according to E. Gjerstad and others); 2 — plates and part of an armour from Memphis. Iron and bronze (according to F. Petrie); 3 — plates and part of an armour from fort of Shalmaneser III (à, â — bronze, á — iron); 4 — plates and part of an armour. Iron. Gordion (according to J.A. McCellan).

 

 


^   95. Àõåìåíèäñêèé äîñïåõ. Æåëåçî. Èäàëèîí. Ïëàñòèíû äîñïåõà è ñèñòåìà èõ ñîåäèíåíèÿ (ðåêîíñòðóêöèÿ À. Âåñòõîëüìà).


95. Achaemenid armour. Iron. Idalion. Plates of an armour and system of their joining (reconstruction by A. Westholm).

 

 


^   96. Àõåìåíèäñêèé äîñïåõ. Æåëåçî (1-9 — Ïàñàðãàäû (ïî Ä. Ñòðîíàõó); 10-25 — Ïåðñåïîëü (ïî Ý. Øìèäòó).


96. Achaemenid armour. Iron (1-9 — Pasargadae, according to D. Stronach; 10-25 — Persepolis, according to E. Schmidt).

 

 


^   97. ×åøóé÷àòûå ïàíöèðè Åãèïòà (1-12á), Ñèðèè-Ïàëåñòèíû (13-15), Êàâêàçà (16, 17, 19-23), Àññèðèè (18), Àõåìåíèäñêîé èìïåðèè (24-64) — ïî Ì.Â. Ãîðåëèêó (áðîíçà — 1-1á, 12-123, 15-17, 21, 23, 31, 32, 45, 49; æåëåçî — 20, 27-30, 36-44, 50-60; çîëîòî — 126; çîëî÷¸íàÿ áðîíçà — 61; çîëî÷¸íîå æåëåçî — 33-39). (1-16 — èç õðàìà Àìåíõîòåïà II, Ôèâû; 2 — ïàðàäíûé ïàíöèðü Òóòàíõàìîíà èç åãî ãðîáíèöû, XV â. äî í.ý.; 2à — ÷åøóéêà ïàíöèðÿ Òóòàíõàìîíà, ïàñòà, çîëîòî, õàëöåäîí; 3, 4 — áîãè Àíóáèñ è Ãîð (Õîð), ðîñïèñü ãðîáíèöû Õîðåìõåáà, XVIII äèíàñòèÿ, XIV â. äî í.ý.; 5 — ÷åøóéêà, äåòàëü ðèñ. 3 è 4; 6 — áîã Ðà-Ãîðàõòå (Ðà-Õîðàõòå), ðîñïèñü ñòåëû, XIV-XII ââ. äî í.ý.; 7 — áîã Ãîð, ðîñïèñü ãðîáíèöû Àìåíõåðõîðòå, ñûíà Ðàìñåñà III, XII â. äî í.ý.; 7à — ÷åøóéêè, äåòàëü ðèñ. 7; 8 — ñòàòóÿ íåèçâåñòíîãî ôàðàîíà, XII â. äî í.ý., Êàèðñêèé ìóçåé; 8à — ÷åøóéêè, äåòàëü ðèñ. 8; 9 — êîëåñíè÷íûé ëó÷íèê Ðàìñåñà III, ðåëüåô Ìåäèíåò-Àáó, XII â. äî í.ý.; 10 — áðîíçîâàÿ ñòàòóýòêà áîãà Îíóðèñà, XIII â. äî í.ý., Ýðìèòàæ; 11 — êîæà êðîêîäèëà, ïîñëåäíÿÿ ÷åòâåðòü II òûñ. äî í.ý., Áåðëèí, Àíòèêâàðèóì; 11à — ñõåìà êðåïëåíèÿ; 12-126 — ïàíöèðü ôàðàîíà Øåøîíêà, X â. äî í.ý.; 12 — áðîíçîâûå ÷åøóéêè, Áðóêëèíñêèé ìóçåé, 12à — áðîíçîâûå ÷åøóéêè, íà êîæàíîé îñíîâå (â íèæíåì ðÿäó ÷åøóéêà ñ èìåíåì ôàðàîíà â êàðòóøå), Êàèðñêèé ìóçåé, 12á — çîëîòàÿ ÷åøóéêà, Áðóêëèíñêèé ìóçåé; 13 — áàçàëüòîâàÿ ñòàòóÿ Àäóíüÿáèäæè, Ñôèðà, ð-í ã. Àëåïïî, îê. 1350 ã. äî í.ý.; 14 — Ëàõèø, XIV-XIII â. äî í.ý.; 15 — Äåéð-‘Àëëà, Ñèðèÿ, êîíåö XIII — íà÷àëà XII â. äî í.ý.; 16, 17 — Êàõåòèÿ, êîíåö II — íà÷àëà I òûñ. äî í.ý.; 18 — ðåëüåô äâîðöà Òèãëàò-Ïèëåñåðà III, Íèìðóä; 19 — óðàðòñêèé âîèí, èçîáðàæåíèå íà áðîíçîâîé îêîâêå âîðîò, Áàëàâàò, IX â. äî í.ý.; 20, 21 — Òàéøåáàèíè, Êàðìèð Áëóð, VIII-VII ââ. äî í.ý.; 22 — ïîãðåáåíèå ó Êàáàí-ãîðû, ð-í Êèñëîâîäñêà, VIII — íà÷àëà VII â. äî í.ý.; 23 — ïîãðåáåíèå 4, ìîãèëüíèê ó ïîñ. Èíäóñòðèÿ I, ð-í Êèñëîâîäñêà, VIII — 1-ÿ ïîëîâèíà VII â. äî í.ý.; 24 — âîèí àõåìåíèäñêîé Ìàëîé Àçèè, èçîáðàæåíèå íà ãðå÷åñêîì ñîñóäå 2-é ïîëîâèíû V â. äî í.ý.; 25-26 — Ïàñàðãàäû, VI-IV ââ. äî í.ý.; 27-44 — Ïåðñåïîëü, VI-IV ââ. äî í.ý.; 45-46 — Ìåãèääî, àõåìåíèäñêèé ñëîé, VI — 1-ÿ ïîëîâèíà IV â. äî í.ý.; 47-59 — Ìåìôèñ, 2-ÿ ïîëîâèíà VI â. äî í.ý.; 60 — Äàôíå, âðåìÿ òî æå; 61 — ïàíöèðíûé âîðîòíèê, êîæàíàÿ îñíîâà, Èðàí, 1 -ÿ ïîëîâèíà IV â. äî í.ý., èç ïîãðåáåíèÿ â Äåðâåíè, ãðå÷åñêàÿ Ìàêåäîíèÿ, 2-ÿ ïîëîâèíà IV â äî í.ý.; 62 — ïåðñèäñêèé âîèí, èçîáðàæåíèå íà ãðå÷åñêîé àìôîðå, 1-ÿ ÷åòâåðòü V â. äî í.ý.; 63 — ïàíöèðü ïåðñèäñêîãî òÿæåëîâîîðóæåííîãî âñàäíèêà, ðåêîíñòðóêöèÿ ïî îïè-

(490/491)

^   ñàíèÿì Êñåíîôîíòà è àðõåîëîãè÷åñêèì èñòî÷íèêàì; 64 — ïàíöèðíûå øòàíû ïåðñèäñêîãî âîèíà, èçîáðàæåíèå «àìàçîíêè» íà àòòè÷åñêîé âàçå, ñåðåäèíà V â. äî í.ý.).


97. Scale armours of Egypt (1-12á), Syria-Palestine (13-15); Caucasus B.C. (16, 17, 19-23), Assyria (18), Achaemenid Empire (24-64) — according to M.V. Gorelik (bronze — 1-16, 12-12à, 15-17, 21, 23, 31, 32, 45, 49; iron — 20, 27-30, 36-44, 50-60, gold — 12á, gilded bronze — 61; gilded iron — 33-39). (1-1á from the temple of Amenhotep II, Thebes, 2 — Tut’ankhamun’s ceremonial armour from his tomb; 2a — scale of Tut’ankhamuns’ armour, paste, gold, chalcedony; 3, 4 — gods Anubis and Horus, painting of Horemheb’s tomb, XIV B.C.; 5 — scale, detail drawings 3 and 4; 6 — god Re-Harakhty, painting of a stele, XIV-XII B.C.; 7 — god Horus, painting of Amenkherhorte’s tomb, Ramesses III’s son, XII B.C.; 7a — scales, detail drawings 7; 8 — statue of unknown pharaoh, XIX dynasty, Cairo Museum, XII B.C.; 8a — scales, detail, figures 8; 9 — charioteer-bowman of Ramesses III, relief at Medinet-Habu, XII B.C.; 10 — bronze statuette of the god Onuris, Hermitage; 11 — crocodile leather, last quarter of II millennium B.C., Berlin, Antiquarium; 11a — scheme of fastening; 12-12á — armour of pharaoh, X B.C.; 12 — bronze scales, Brookline Museum, 12a — bronze scales on leather foundation (in the lower row — a scale with pharaoh’s name in cartouche), Cairo Museum, 12á — gold scale with pharaoh’s name, Brookline Museum; 13 — basalt statue of Adunyabidzhi, Sphira, Aleppo region, about 1350 B.C.; 14 — Lachish, IV-XIII B.C.; 15 — Deir ‘Alla, Syria, late XIII — early XII B.C.; 16, 17 — Kahetia, late II — early I millennium B.C.; 18 — relief at the palace of Tiglat-pileser III, Nimrud; 19 — Urartian warrior, image on the bronze binding of the gate, Balavat, IX B.C.; 20, 21 — Teishabaini, Karmir-Blur, VIII-VII B.C.; 22 — burial near Kaban-Gora, region of Kislovodsk, VIII — early VII B.C.; 23 — burial 4, burial ground near village Industria I, region of Kislovodsk, VIII — the first half of VII B.C.; 24 — warrior of Achaemenid Asia Minor, image on a Greek vessel of the second half of V B.C.; 25-26 — Pasargadae, VI-IV B.C.; 27-44 — Persepolis, VI-IV B.C.; 45-46 — Megiddo, Achaeminid layer, VI — the first half of IV B.C.; 47-59 — Memphis, the second half of VI B.C.; 60 — Daphne, the same date; 61 — collar of an armour, leather foundation, Iran, the first half of IV B.C., from burial in Derveni, Greek Macedonia, the second half of IV B.C.; 62 — Persian warrior, image on a Greek amphora, the first quarter of V B.C.; 63 — armour of a Persian heavy-armed rider, reconstruction based on Xenophon's and archaeological sources; 64 — armour trousers of a Persian warrior, image of “Amazon” on Attic vase, mid V B.C.

(499/500)

 

 


^   98. Äðåâíåéøèå äîñïåõè èç Ñðåäíåé Àçèè (ïî Ì.Â. Ãîðåëèêó è Ã.À. Ïóãà÷åíêîâîé) (1 — Òàëàññêàÿ äîëèíà; 2 — Ñàìàðêàíä; 3 — ×èðèê-Ðàáàò, æåëåçî; 4 — Àêòàìñêèé ìîãèëüíèê; 5 — Êàëàè-ìèð; 6 — áðîíçîâàÿ ôèãóðêà ñ ðèòóàëüíîãî ñîñóäà, Òàëàññêàÿ äîëèíà; 7 — Õàìáóç-òåïå; 8 — ìîíåòà Àçåñà; 9 — Õàë÷àÿí (ãëèíÿíàÿ ñêóëüïòóðà); 10-28 — Íèñà, æåëåçî).


98. The most ancient armour from Central Asia (according to M.V. Gorelik and G.A. Pugachenkova) (1 — Talas valley; 2 — Samarkand; 3 — Chirik-Rabat; 4 — graveyard Aktam; 5 — Kalai-Mir; 6 — bronze statuette from ritual vessel, Talas valley; 7 — Khambuz-tepe; 8 — coins of the Azes; 9 — Khalchayan (clay sculpture); 10-28 — Nisa (iron).

 

 


^   99. Èçîáðàæåíèÿ äîñïåõîâ â èñêóññòâå Öåíòðàëüíîé Àçèè è Ïàðôèè (ïî Ê. Àáäóëëàåâó) (1 — ïëàñòèíà èç ñëîíîâîé êîñòè. Õðàì Îêñà; 2-4, 10, 13 — êîñòÿíàÿ ïëàñòèíà èç ìîãèëüíèêà Îðëàò; 5, 8, 11 — ãðàôôèòè èç Äóðà-Åâðîïîñ; 6 — ñîñóä èç Õàìáóç-òåïå. Õîðåçì; 7 — àñòðàãàë, Êàëàè-ìèð, Áàêòðèÿ; 9 — èíäî-ñàêñêàÿ ìîíåòà; 12 — òåððàêîòîâàÿ ïëàñòèíà, Áðèòàíñêèé ìóçåé).


99. Images of armour in Central Asian and Parthian art (according to K. Abdullaev) (1 — plate of ivory. Temple of the Oxus; 2 — 4, 10, 13 — bone plate from Orlat burial; 5, 8, 11 — graffito from Dura-Europos; 6 — vessel from Khambuz-tepe, Chorasmia; 7 — astragal-bone, Kalai-Mir, Bactriana; 9 — Indo-Saca coin; 12 — terra-cotta plate, the British Museum).

 

 


^   100. Õðàì Îêñà. Íàù¸÷íèê øëåìà. Áðîíçà. Ðèñóíêè (1 — 2593, 2 — 2579, 3 — 1184).


100. The Temple of the Oxus. Cheek-piece of helmet. Bronze. Drawings (1 — 2593, 2 — 2579, 3 — 1184).

 

 


^   101. Õðàì Îêñà. Íàù¸÷íèê øëåìà, ëèöåâàÿ è îáðàòíàÿ ñòîðîíà (¹1184).


101. The Temple of the Oxus. Cheek-piece of helmet, face and reverse (inv. ¹1184).

 

 


^   102. Ãðå÷åñêèå è ýëëèíèñòè÷åñêèå øëåìû ñ íàù¸÷íèêàìè (ïî Ï. Äèíöèñó).


102. Greek and Hellenistic helmets with cheek-pieces (according to P. Dintsis).

 

 


^   103. Èçîáðàæåíèÿ ýëëèíèñòè÷åñêèõ øëåìîâ (1 — øëåì îáíàæ¸ííîé ôèãóðû. Ñèäîíñêèé ñàðêîôàã; 2 — Ñåëåâê. Èçîáðàæåíèå øëåìà íà ìîíåòå; 3 — Ñîôèò. Èçîáðàæåíèå øëåìà íà ìîíåòå; 4 — Åâêðàòèä. Èçîáðàæåíèå øëåìà íà ìîíåòå; 5 — Àìèíòà. Èçîáðàæåíèå øëåìà íà ìîíåòå; 6 — Àðõåáèé. Èçîáðàæåíèå øëåìà íà ìîíåòå; 7 — Àíòèàëêèä. Èçîáðàæåíèå øëåìà íà ìîíåòå; 8 — Åâêðàòèä I (?). Èçîáðàæåíèå øëåìà íà ìåäàëüîíå, íàéäåííîì â õðàìå Îêñà; 9 — Ìåíàíäð. Èçîáðàæåíèå øëåìà íà ìîíåòå; 11 — Àíòèìàõ. Èçîáðàæåíèå øëåìà íà ìîíåòå).


103. Images of Hellenistic helmets (1 — helmet of a naked figure. Sidon sarcophagus; 2 — Seleucus. Image of a helmet of a coin; 3 — Sophites. Image of a helmet on a coin. 4 — Eucratides. Image of a helmet on a coin; 5 — Amyntas. Image of a helmet on a coin; 6 — Archebius. Image of a helmet on a coin; 7 — Antialcidas. Image of a helmet on a coin; 8 — Eucratides I (?). Image of a helmet on a medallion, found in the temple of the Oxus; 9-10 — Menander. Image of a helmet on a coin; 11 — Antimachus. Image of a helmet on a coin).

 

 


^   104. Øëåìû è äðóãîå ïåðåäíåâîñòî÷íîå âîîðóæåíèå 2-é ïîëîâèíû II òûñ. äî í.ý. (ïî Ò. Êåíäàëëó) (1 — âîîðóæåííûé õåòò; 2 — âîîðóæåíèå â ãðîáíèöå Òóòìåñà IV).


104. Helmets and other Near Eastern arms of the second half of II millennium B.C. (according to T. Kendall) (1 — armed Hittite; 2 — arms in Thutmose IV tomb).

 

 



105. Ancient oriental helmets (1-2 — Hasanlu, according to O. Muscarella; 3-6 — iron Assyrian helmet with bronze inlay, four fa9ades, according to B. Overlaet; 7-27 — Assyria, according to B. Hrouda. Helmets on monuments of art: 7-9 — IX B.C.; 11-12 — VIII B.C.; 16-19, 27 — VII B.C.; 10, 13-15 — IX/VIII B.C.; 20, 22-26 — VIII/VII B.C.; 28 — Carchemish, relief of the IX B.C.; 29-44 — Armenia (according to S.A. Esayan): 29-32 — Achashen; 33 — Lori-Beru; 34 — Shirakavan; 35 — 36 — Erebuni; 37-39 — Paravhar; 40-41 — Airum; 42-44 — Arzvanik; 45-49 — Urartu (according to P. Vartke); 50 — Persian Achaemenid helmet. Olympia (according to A. Malviz and H. Herrman); 51 — Persian or Lydian helmet from Sardis (reconstruction) (according to “Anatolia: Cauldron of Cultures”).

^   105. Äðåâíåâîñòî÷íûå øëåìû (1-2 — Õàñàíëó, ïî Î. Ìàñêàðåëëå; 3-6 — æåëåçíûé àññèðèéñêèé øëåì ñ áðîíçîâîé èíêðóñòàöèåé, ÷åòûðå ôàñàäà, ïî Á. Îâåðëåò; 7-27 — Àññèðèÿ, ïî Á. Õðóäå. Øëåìû íà ïàìÿòíèêàõ èñêóññòâà: 7-9 — IX â. äî í.ý.; 11-12 — VIII â. äî í.ý., 16-19, 27 — VII â. äî í.ý.; 10, 13-15 — IX-VIII ââ. äî í.ý.; 20, 22-26 — VIII-VII ââ. äî í.ý.; 28 — Êàðõåìèø, ðåëüåô IX â. äî í.ý.; 29-44 — Àðìåíèÿ (ïî Ñ.À. Åñàÿíó): 29-32 — À÷àøåí; 33 — Ëîðè-Áåðä; 34 — Øèðàêàâàí; 35-36 — Ýðåáóíè; 37-39 — Ïàðàâõàð; 40-41 — Àéðóì; 42-44 — Àðçâàíèê; 45-49 — Óðàðòó (ïî Ð. Âàðòêå); 50 — ïåðñèäñêèé àõåìåíèäñêèé øëåì. Îëèìïèÿ (ïî À. Ìàëüâèö è È. Õåððìàí); 51 — ïåðñèäñêèé èëè ëèäèéñêèé øëåì èç Ñàðä (ðåêîíñòðóêöèÿ) (ïî «Anatolia: Cauldron of Cultures»).

 

 


^   106. Ïåðñèäñêèé àõåìåíèäñêèé øëåì, ïîïàâøèé â Îëèìïèþ. Áðîíçà. Ôîòî (Ôîòîòåêà Ãåðìàíñêîãî àðõåîëîãè÷åñêîãî èíñòèòóòà).


106. Persian Achaemenid helmet, which got into Olympia. Bronze. Photo (Photo library of the German Archaeological Institute).

 

 


^   107. Õðàì Îêñà. Óìáîíû ùèòà (1 — æåëåçî; 2 — áðîíçà). Ðèñóíêè (1 — ¹2097; 2 — ¹290).


107. The Temple of the Oxus. Shield’s umbos (1 — iron; 2 — bronze). Drawings (1 — inv. ¹2097; 2 — inv. ¹290).

 

 


^   108. Õðàì Îêñà. Óìáîí ùèòà òèïà òþðåîñ. Áðîíçà (¹290).


108. The Temple of the Oxus. Shield’s umbo of tureos type. Bronze (inv. ¹290).

 

 


^   109. Õðàì Îêñà. Ùèò ñ òðèñêåëå. Áðîíçîâûå ÷àñòè. Ðèñóíîê ïîñëå ðàñ÷èñòêè (¹5069).


109. The Temple of the Oxus. Shield with triskele. Bronze parts. Drawing made after clearing (inv. ¹5069).

 

 


^   110. Õðàì Îêñà. Ùèò ñ òðèñêåëå. Ìåëêèå äåòàëè (¹5069).


110. The Temple of the Oxus. Shield with triskele. Small details (inv. ¹5069)

 

 


^   111. Õðàì Îêñà. Ùèò ñ òðèñêåëå. Áðîíçà, äåðåâî. Ðåêîíñòðóêöèÿ è ùèòû ñ òðèñêåëå â èñêóññòâå (1 — ðåêîíñòðóêöèÿ ùèòà ñ òðèñêåëå èç õðàìà Îêñà; 2 — èçîáðàæåíèå ùèòà ñ òðèñêåëå íà àôèíñêîé ìîíåòå; 3 — èçîáðàæåíèå ùèòà ñ òðèñêåëå íà ÷åðíîôèãóðíîé âàçå).


111. The Temple of the Oxus. Shield with triskele. Bronze, wood. Reconstruction and shields with triskele in Greek art (1 — reconstruction of a shield with triskele from the Temple of the Oxus; 2 — image of a shield with triskele on an Athenian coin; 3 — image of a shield with triskele on a black-figure style vase).

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

íàâåðõ

ãëàâíàÿ ñòðàíèöà / áèáëèîòåêà / îáíîâëåíèÿ áèáëèîòåêè / îãëàâëåíèå êíèãè